top

== Translingual == === Symbol === top (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Papantla Totonac. === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Papantla Totonac terms == English == === Etymology === From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English topp (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin. Compare typologically Latin apex (<< Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to join, attach, fasten, fit”)). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), Cimbrian sòpf (“braid”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), German Topp (“top of a mast”), Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Luxembourgish Zapp (“plait, tress”), Vilamovian cöp (“braid, plait”), Yiddish צאָפּ (tsop, “braid”), Danish top (“top”), Icelandic toppur (“top”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Italian zuffa (“brawl”). The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /tɒp/, [tʰɒp] (General American) IPA(key): /tɑp/, [tʰɑp] Rhymes: -ɒp === Noun === top (countable and uncountable, plural tops) The highest or uppermost part of something. Synonyms: peak, summit, overside Antonyms: bottom, base, underside (irrespective of present orientation) The part of something that is usually highest or uppermost. The uppermost part of a page, picture, viewing screen, etc. Synonym: (of a page) head Antonym: (of a page) foot A lid, cap, or cover of a container. Synonyms: cap, coverlid A garment worn to cover the torso. Antonym: bottom A framework at the top of a ship's mast to which rigging is attached. (baseball) The first half of an inning, during which the home team fields and the visiting team bats. (archaic) The crown of the head, or the hair upon it; the head. The near end of somewhere. A child's spinning toy; a spinning top. Someone who is eminent. (archaic) The chief person; the most prominent one. The highest rank; the most honourable position; the utmost attainable place. (finance) A peak price of a security during a trading period, before it begins a downward trend. (BDSM) A dominant partner in a sadomasochistic relationship or roleplay. Synonyms: (usually male) dom, dominant, (female) domme, dominatrix Coordinate terms: bottom, sub (loosely, by extension) A dominant partner in a sexual relationship. (LGBTQ slang) A person who penetrates or has a preference for penetrating during intercourse. Synonym: (US) pitcher Coordinate term: bottom (slang, vulgar, African-American Vernacular, MLE, MTE) Fellatio; a blowjob. Synonyms: see Thesaurus:oral sex (particle physics) A top quark. Hypernym: flavor The utmost degree; the acme; the summit. June 18 1714, Alexander Pope, letter to Jonathan Swift The top of my own ambition is to contribute to that work. (ropemaking) A plug or conical block of wood with longitudinal grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting. (sound) Highest pitch or loudest volume. (wool manufacture) A bundle or ball of slivers of combed wool, from which the noils, or dust, have been taken out. (obsolete, except in one sense of phrase on top of) Eve; verge; point. The part of a cut gem between the girdle, or circumference, and the table, or flat upper surface. (in the plural, slang, dated) Topboots. (golf, billiards, racquet sports) A stroke on the top of the ball. (golf, billiards, racquet sports) A forward spin given to the ball by hitting it on or near the top; topspin. (in restaurants, preceded by a number) (A table at which there is, or which has enough seats for) a group of a specified number of people eating at a restaurant. Hypernym: table Hyponyms: two-top, deuce, four-top, six-top, eight-top Ellipsis of topswarm. (military) The First Sergeant or Master Sergeant (U.S. Marine Corps), senior enlisted man at company level. (Philippines, usually in the plural) a shoot (eaten as a vegetable). ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Verb === top (third-person singular simple present tops, present participle topping, simple past and past participle topped) To cover on the top or with a top. To exceed in height. To excel, to surpass, to beat, to exceed. Synonyms: beat, better, best, exceed; see also Thesaurus:exceed To be in the lead, to be at number one position (of). To cut or remove the top (as of a tree) (British, Australia, slang, reflexive) To commit suicide. (British, Australia, slang, rare, chiefly archaic) To murder or execute. Synonyms: kill, murder, slaughter, slay; see also Thesaurus:kill (BDSM) To be the dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay. (LGBTQ slang, transitive, intransitive) To penetrate during sexual intercourse. (archaic) To rise aloft; to be eminent; to tower. , Book II, Chapter XXI influenced by that topping uneasiness (archaic) To excel; to rise above others. (nautical) To raise one end of (a yard, etc.), making it higher than the other. (dyeing) To cover with another dye. To put a stiffening piece or back on (a saw blade). (slang, dated) To arrange (fruit, etc.) with the best on top. (of a horse) To strike the top of (an obstacle) with the hind feet while jumping, so as to gain new impetus. To improve (domestic animals, especially sheep) by crossing certain individuals or breeds with other superior breeds. To cut, break, or otherwise take off the top of (a steel ingot) to remove unsound metal. (golf) To strike (the ball) above the centre; also, to make (a stroke, etc.) by hitting the ball in this way. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Adjective === top (not comparable) Situated on the top of something. (informal) Best; of the highest quality, fame or rank. (informal) Very good, of high quality, power, or rank. (transgender) Relating to the chest or breasts. Coordinate term: bottom top surgery ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Adverb === top (not comparable) Best, highest. ==== Synonyms ==== first === Interjection === top (obsolete) The signal among tailors and seamstresses for snuffing the candle. The last of them to cry "top" had to snuff the candle. 1879, Jacob Thompson (jun.), Eldmuir (page 21) "Well," replied Davie, […] "a wilful woman must have her way like any man — and I doubt your patience is sorely tried, Barbara — Top!"This last expression, which may seem rather irrelevant, had direct reference to the wick of the candle, which required snuffing […] === See also === topple === References === “top”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. === Anagrams === OPT, OPt, OTP, PTO, TPO, oPt, opt, opt., pot == Albanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top). === Noun === top m (plural topa, definite topi, definite plural topat) ball Synonym: gogë cannon (in the plural) slang for testicles ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “top”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006 FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[13], 1980 Newmark, Leonard (1999), “top”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎[14] == Azerbaijani == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Turkic *top. === Pronunciation === === Noun === top (definite accusative topu, plural toplar) ball cannon (chess) rook roll (of paper or cloth) pile, stack bale, pack ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Georgian: თოფი (topi) → Bats: თოფ class jj (top) → Hinukh: тупи (tupi, “gun”) === See also === == Baure == === Noun === top fog == Crimean Tatar == === Noun === top (accusative [please provide], plural [please provide]) ball lump cannon ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== babaytop toplaşuv topçu top qundağı === References === Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002), Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[15], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈtop] === Verb === top second-person singular imperative of topit == Danish == === Etymology === From Old Norse toppr, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz. === Noun === top c (singular definite toppen, plural indefinite toppe) summit, peak hairpiece top (uppermost part, lid, cap, cover, garment worn to cover the torso, child’s spinning toy) ==== Inflection ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔp/ Hyphenation: top Rhymes: -ɔp === Etymology 1 === From Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz. The sexual sense is borrowed from English top. ==== Noun ==== top m (plural toppen, diminutive topje n) top (uppermost part) (figurative) apex summit, peak (high point of a mountain or object) summit, highest-level assembly top (piece of women's clothing) (LGBTQ and BDSM slang) top (active or dominant sexual partner) Coordinate term: bottom ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Negerhollands: top === Etymology 2 === Either derived from the noun at Etymology 1, or borrowed from English top. ==== Adjective ==== top (colloquial) great, very good ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== top (denominal) inflection of toppen: first-person singular present indicative (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative imperative === Anagrams === pot == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from English top. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔp/ === Noun === top m (plural tops) top; shirt or garment covering the upper body a signalling sound; beep === Adjective === top (feminine top, masculine plural tops, feminine plural tops) top; best; highest in rank; maximum excellent; brilliant (gay slang) top (penetrator) Synonym: actif ==== Antonyms ==== bottom === Adverb === top at most; maximum === Further reading === “top”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == German == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔp/ === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English top. ==== Adjective ==== top (not comparable) (colloquial) top (of the highest quality or rank) hopp oder top ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) === Etymology 2 === ==== Interjection ==== top alternative form of topp === Further reading === “top” in Duden online “top” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache == Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtop/ [ˈt̪ɔp̚] Rhymes: -op Syllabification: top === Etymology 1 === Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Noun ==== top (plural top-top) (nautical) toop, toup (a type of boat-ship produced in East Indies) === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Dutch top, from Middle Dutch top, topp, from Old Dutch *topp, *top, from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz. ==== Noun ==== top (plural top-top) top (uppermost part) top (piece of women's clothing) ==== Adjective ==== top (comparative lebih top, superlative paling top) top, great, very good ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “top”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Italian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English top. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtɔp/ Rhymes: -ɔp Hyphenation: tòp === Noun === top m (invariable) (woman's dressing, garment) top === References === == Karaim == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Turkic *top. Cognate with Turkish, Azerbaijani, and Crimean Tatar top, Uzbek to‘p, Kazakh доп (dop), Southern Altai топ (top, “round thing”), etc. === Noun === top ball === References === N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “top”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN == Kashubian == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Topf. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtɔp/ Rhymes: -ɔp Syllabification: top === Noun === top m inan (diminutive topk or topùszk) synonym of kòcelnik === Further reading === Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “czajnik”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[17] == Khalaj == === Etymology === From Proto-Turkic *top. === Pronunciation === (Xarrâbî) IPA(key): [top], [tŭɔ(ˑ)p] === Numeral === top (definite accusative topı, plural toplar) ball ==== Declension ==== === References === Doerfer, Gerhard (1980), Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó == Latvian == === Verb === top third-person singular/plural present indicative of tapt (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of tapt (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of tapt == Middle English == === Alternative forms === toppe, topp, tope, toop === Etymology === From Old English topp, toppa, from Proto-West Germanic *topp. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔp/, /tɔːp/ === Noun === top (plural toppes) The summit or top of something, especially a vertical object: The peak of a mountain or other landform. The roof or ceil of a house; the top of a fence. A lid or cap; a removable top or topping. The head, especially its top or the hair on its top. A small deck at the dop of a ship's sails. A cluster or bunch of fibres; a tassel. A top or whirligig (spinning toy) The start or introduction of something. (rare) The tip or end of something; that which something terminates in. ==== Derived terms ==== toppen toppyng ==== Descendants ==== English: top → French: top → German: Top → Vietnamese: tốp Scots: tap ==== References ==== “top, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 August 2018. “top, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 August 2018. == Mopan Maya == === Adverb === top very === References === Hofling, Charles Andrew (2011). Mopan Maya–Spanish–English Dictionary, University of Utah Press. == Northern Kurdish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Turkish top, from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top), from Proto-Turkic *top (“round thing”). === Noun === top f ball (usually spherical object used for playing games) cannon == Old English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /top/ Rhymes: -op === Noun === top m alternative form of topp == Old French == === Alternative forms === tup, tupe, tope, toup === Etymology === From Frankish *topp. === Noun === top oblique singular, m (oblique plural tos, nominative singular tos, nominative plural top) hair on top of one's head, forelock top, highest point tuft of flax placed on distaff top (ship) ==== Descendants ==== → Galician: tope → Spanish: tope → Portuguese: topo ⇒ Old French: toupet→ Old Galician-Portuguese: topeteGalician: topetePortuguese: topete Middle French: toupet, topetFrench: toupet (see there for further descendants) Norman: toupet, tupé → Middle English: topet ⇒? Old French: topoie, toupie, tourpe, tourpieMiddle French: toupieFrench: toupie === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “top”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC. tup on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub == Polish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtɔp/ Rhymes: -ɔp Syllabification: top === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English top. Doublet of tupet. ==== Noun ==== top m inan (sailing) top (the upper end of a mast) top (garment worn to cover the torso) ===== Declension ===== ==== Adjective ==== top (not comparable, no derived adverb) (slang) top notch (very good; of the highest level or quality) Synonyms: modny, popularny === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== top second-person singular imperative of topić === Further reading === top I in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN top II in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN top in Polish dictionaries at PWN == Portuguese == === Alternative forms === 🔝 (Internet slang) === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English top. === Pronunciation === Homophone: tope === Adjective === top (invariable) (colloquial) cool, awesome (colloquial) top, excellent, high-quality Synonym: top de linha ==== Derived terms ==== === Noun === top m (plural tops) top (garment worn to cover the torso) ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “top”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “top”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026 “top”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN “top”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Romanian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtop/ Rhymes: -op === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Turkish top. ==== Noun ==== top n (plural topuri) ream (of paper) cotton pack ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from English top. ==== Noun ==== top n (plural topuri) top list, chart, ranking top (garment worn to cover the torso) ===== Declension ===== == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tôp/ === Noun === tȍp m inan or m anim (Cyrillic spelling то̏п) (inanimate) cannon (chess, animate) rook ==== Declension ==== inanimate (cannon) animate (rook) === See also === == Slovene == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Slavic *tǫpъ. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tɔ́p/ ==== Adjective ==== tȍp (comparative bȍlj tȍp, superlative nȁjbolj tȍp) blunt ===== Declension ===== This adjective needs an inflection-table template. === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tɔ́p/ ==== Noun ==== tȍp m inan cannon ===== Declension ===== === Further reading === “top”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2026 == Spanish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English top. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtop/ [ˈt̪op] Rhymes: -op Syllabification: top === Noun === top m (plural tops) top (first positions of a ranking) top (female clothing) ==== Derived terms ==== === Adjective === top m or f (masculine and feminine plural tops) (proscribed) top (situated on the top of something) Synonym: mejor (proscribed) top (best; of the highest quality or rank) Synonym: el mejor (proscribed) top (very good, of high quality) Synonym: muy bueno === References === “top”, in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas [Panhispanic Dictionary of Doubts] (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Royal Spanish Academy; Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, 2023, →ISBN === Further reading === “top”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Tocharian A == === Etymology === Compare Tocharian B taupe. === Noun === top mine (place where ore is extracted) == Turkish == === Etymology === Inherited from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top), from Proto-Turkic *top (“round thing”). Cognate with Azerbaijani top, Uzbek to‘p, Uyghur توپ (top), Kazakh доп (dop) etc. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtop/ === Noun === top (definite accusative topu, plural toplar) ball cannon scoop (of an ice cream) (slang, derogatory) gay ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == Volapük == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ancient Greek τόπος (tópos, “place”). === Noun === top (genitive topa, plural tops) place ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== topäd == Welsh == === Etymology === Borrowed from English top. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔp/ Rhymes: -ɔp === Noun === top m (plural topiau) top (upper part of something) ==== Derived terms ==== di-dop topyn === Mutation === === Further reading === R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “top”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies