bast

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /bɑːst/ (General American) IPA(key): /bæst/ Rhymes: -ɑːst, -æst === Etymology 1 === From Middle English bast, from Old English bæst (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-West Germanic *bast (compare the Swedish bast, Dutch bast, German Bast), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”) (compare Middle Irish basc (“necklace”), Latin fascis (“bundle”), Albanian bashkë (“tied, linked”)). ==== Alternative forms ==== bass ==== Noun ==== bast (countable and uncountable, plural basts) Inner bark of a tree from which rope is traditionally made. Fibre made from the phloem of certain plants (particularly the lime tree) and used for making ropes, cords and matting. 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 87 I thought I saw Him in the Long Walk there, by the bed of Nelly Roche, tending a fallen flower with a wisp of bast. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English bast, from a back-formation of Middle English bastard. ==== Noun ==== bast (uncountable) (obsolete) Bastardy, illegitimacy of birth. ==== Adjective ==== bast (not comparable) (obsolete) Illegitimate, born out of wedlock. === Anagrams === ABTs, ATBs, ATSB, BTAS, Bats, SATB, STAB, TBAs, TBSA, Tabs, bats, stab, tabs == Catalan == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈbast] === Etymology 1 === Deverbal from bastar. ==== Adjective ==== bast (feminine basta, masculine plural basts or bastos, feminine plural bastes) (archaic) supplied, furnished, provided Synonyms: abastat, proveït rough, crude Synonym: groller === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Vulgar Latin *bastum. ==== Noun ==== bast m (plural basts or bastos) packsaddle ===== Derived terms ===== embastar === Further reading === “bast”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 == Danish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bast/, [b̥asd̥] === Noun === bast c (singular definite basten, not used in plural form) bast raffia ==== Inflection ==== == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /bɑst/ Hyphenation: bast Rhymes: -ɑst === Etymology 1 === From Middle Dutch bast, from Old Dutch *bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast. ==== Noun ==== bast m (plural basten, diminutive bastje n) inner bark (zoology) velvet (figuratively) skin, hide ===== Derived terms ===== boombast === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== bast inflection of bassen: second/third-person singular present indicative (archaic) plural imperative === References === M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch] === Anagrams === bats == Faroese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /past/ === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse bast (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-West Germanic *bast (“bast, rope”) via a borrowing from West Germanic, perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”). ==== Noun ==== bast n (genitive singular basts, uncountable) bast, raffia rope made of bast ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== bast supine of basa == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English bæst, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast. ==== Alternative forms ==== baste ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /bast/ ==== Noun ==== bast (plural bastes) A cord or cable manufactured using bast. (rare) Bast; fibre made from the phloem of plants. ===== Descendants ===== English: bast, bass Scots: bass ==== References ==== “bast, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 March 2019. === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Old French bast (French bât), probably a back-formation from bastard. ==== Alternative forms ==== baste, baaste ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /baːst/ ==== Noun ==== bast (uncountable) Illegitimacy; the state of being illegitimate. ===== Derived terms ===== bastard ==== References ==== “bāst, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 March 2019. == North Frisian == === Verb === bast second-person singular present of weese == Swedish == === Etymology 1 === From Old Swedish bast, from Old Norse bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast (“bast, rope”) via a borrowing from West Germanic. Cognate with English bast and German Bast. ==== Noun ==== bast n bast (fibre material) ===== Declension ===== ===== Related terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Via Månsing cant borrowed from Tavringer Romani bassj, bassjt, derived from Romani berś. Cognate to Sanskrit वर्ष (varṣa, “year”). ==== Noun ==== bast n (colloquial) years old ===== Usage notes ===== Often when emphasizing an old or (ironically) young age, in a given context. === References === “bast”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “bast”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “bast”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) Gerd Carling (2005), “bast”, in Romani i svenskan: Storstadsslang och standardspråk, Stockholm: Carlsson, →ISBN, page 73 Arthur Thesleff (1912), Stockholms forbrytarspråk och lägre slang 1910–1912‎[1], page 19 === Anagrams === stab == Welsh == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /basd/, [bast] === Etymology 1 === Back-formation from bastio (“to baste”). ==== Noun ==== bast m (obsolete) dripping Synonyms: diferion cig, toddion, dripyn ===== Mutation ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Noun ==== bast soft mutation of past (“paste”) ==== Mutation ==== === Further reading === D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “bast”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “bast”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies == Yola == === Noun === bast alternative form of beast === References === Charles Vallancey (1788), “Memoir of the Language, Manners and Customs of an Anglo-Saxon Colony Settled in the Baronies of Forth and Bargie, in the County of Wexford, Ireland, in 1167, 1168 and 1169.”, in The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy‎[2], volume 2, Royal Irish Academy, page 31