hostis

== Latin == === Alternative forms === ostis (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) fostis (rare) ost (Medieval Latin, rare) === Etymology === From Proto-Italic *hostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”), whence also Proto-Germanic *gastiz (English guest) and Proto-Slavic *gostь. Varro (de lingua latina 5.4) confirms this: tum eō verbō dīcēbant peregrīnum [...], nunc dīcunt eum quem tum dīcēbant perduellem. ("Back then this word meant a stranger, today it means the same as perduellis - an enemy of the state."). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈhɔs.tɪs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈɔs.tis] === Noun === hostis m or f (genitive hostis); third declension an enemy of the state, an enemy, a hostile, opponent, foe Synonyms: inimīcus, perduellis (plural only) the enemy ==== Declension ==== Third-declension noun (i-stem). ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== === References === “hostis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “hostis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "hostis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “hostis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “hostis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers “hostis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin == Portuguese == === Adjective === hostis plural of hostil