tok

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of Toki Pona toki pona or English Toki Pona. === Symbol === tok (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Toki Pona. === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Toki Pona terms == Ainu == === Alternative forms === tuk (Sakhalin; some Hokkaido dialects) ト゚ㇰ === Etymology === From Proto-Ainu *tuk (“to grow; to sprout; to protrude”). The shift between /u/ and /o/ is a common dialectal variation. The root is fundamentally descriptive of a physical swelling or a sudden appearance from a surface. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tók/, [tók̚] === Verb === tok To sprout; to bud. To protrude; to poke out or project from a surface. To peck (as a bird). ==== Synonyms ==== hetuk (“to sprout; to be born”) kenituk (“to bud”) === Noun === tok A protrusion; a bump; a knob. A small hill or mound. ==== Derived terms ==== tokkari (“seal”, literally “the one that makes a protrusion”) tokom (“a knob; a bump; a swelling”) tokse (“to throb; to beat (of the heart)”) toktokse (“to throb repeatedly; to knock”) etok (“nose; end; source”, literally “head-protrusion”) tapkop (“an isolated hill”, contains the root via *tuk-kop*) === References === Batchelor, John (1905), An Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary, Tokyo: Methodist Publishing House. Vovin, Alexander (1993), A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu, Leiden: Brill. Hattori, Shirō (1964), Ainugo Hōgen Jiten [An Ainu Dialect Dictionary], Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. == Albanian == === Etymology 1 === An onomatopoeia, similar to Italian toccare (“to touch, to tap”). ==== Verb ==== tok (aorist toka, participle tokur) (transitive) to cut or hit meat to mince it or make meatballs Synonym: grij to sharpen (scythe or sickle) Synonym: kalit toku draprin ― tempering the sickle knock Synonym: trokas to hit (or handshake) someone's hand to greet them, toast someone by clinking glasses Synonym: çokas tokën duart ― they high fived tokën gotat ― they toasted with glasses ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== toku ===== Derived terms ===== toka ===== Related terms ===== tokë cek === Etymology 2 === A semantic variation of the above mentioned verb. ==== Adverb ==== tok together Synonyms: bashkërisht, grumbull, së bashku === References === === Further reading === FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[3], 1980 == Azerbaijani == === Etymology === From Russian ток (tok). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [tok] === Noun === tok (definite accusative toku, plural toklar) (North Azerbaijani, colloquial, proscribed) (electricity) current Synonym: cərəyan onu tok vurdu ― he got an electric shock toka qoşmaq ― to power up, to plug in toka vermək ― to give electric shocks (in order to torture or kill) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “tok” in Obastan.com. == Baba Malay == === Alternative forms === toh === Etymology === Borrowed from Hokkien 桌 (toh, “table”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /toʔ/ === Noun === tok table (furniture) ==== Derived terms ==== === References === Lee, Nala H. (2022), “tok”, in A Grammar of Modern Baba Malay, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 357 == Chickasaw == === Particle === tok particle used to express actions in the past. == Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Czech tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈtok] === Noun === tok m inan (diminutive tůček) flow ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “tok”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “tok”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “tok”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Faroese == === Etymology === From Low German tog, from Middle Low German tog, from Old Saxon *tugi, from Proto-West Germanic *tugi. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːʰk/ Rhymes: -oːʰk === Noun === tok n (genitive singular toks, plural tok) train ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === "tok" at Sprotin.fo == Hungarian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈtok] Hyphenation: tok Rhymes: -ok === Etymology 1 === Unknown. ==== Noun ==== tok (plural tokok) holder case cover sheath ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== tokmány (Compound words): portok tokkal-vonóval === Etymology 2 === Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from Turkic, probably before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries). Compare also Armenian թուխու (tʻuxu, “sturgeon”). ==== Noun ==== tok (plural tokok) sturgeon (a type of fish) ===== Declension ===== === References === === Further reading === (case, sheath): tok in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. (sturgeon): tok in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. == Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtok/ [ˈt̪ɔk̚] Rhymes: -ok IPA(key): /ˈtoʔ/ [ˈt̪ɔʔ] Rhymes: -oʔ Syllabification: tok === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Javanese tok (“2nd person pronoun agent of passive verb”), a variant of kok. ==== Adverb ==== tok just, only. pure === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Malay tok (“tock”), onomatopoeic. ==== Noun ==== tok (plural tok-tok) tock === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from Malay [Term?]. ==== Noun ==== tok (plural tok-tok) (Bangka dialect) triangular shaped wooden ladder, used to pick pepper at the top === Etymology 4 === Borrowed from Korean 떡 (tteok). ==== Noun ==== tok (plural tok-tok) (cooking) rice cake; tteok (a type of sweet cake from Korea, made from rice flour) === Further reading === “tok”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Kokborok == === Alternative forms === tau === Etymology === From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”). Cognate with Bodo (India) दाव (dao), Atong (India) taw·, Garo do·o. === Noun === tok bird === References === Debbarma, Binoy (2001), “tok”, in Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary‎[4], Language Wing, Education Department, TTAADC, →ISBN, page 129 == Kusunda == === Pronoun === tok we (first-person plural pronoun) === References === David E. Watters (2006), “Notes on Kusunda Grammar: A Language Isolate of Nepal”, in Himalayan Linguistics‎[5], page 44 == Nigerian Pidgin == === Etymology === From English talk. === Verb === tok to say; to speak; to talk == Norwegian Bokmål == === Pronunciation === === Verb === tok simple past of ta == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Verb === tok past of ta and taka == Polabian == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *takъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔk/ === Pronoun === tok such == Polish == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɔk Syllabification: tok Homophone: tog === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Polish tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. ==== Noun ==== tok m inan process Synonyms: proces, przebieg course tok zdarzeń ― course of events (in certain collocations) train tok myślenia ― train of thought current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction) (in compounds) -rrhea (excessive flow) ślinotok ― sialorrhea łojotok ― seborrhea (ethology) courtship display (Far Masovian) synonym of koryto (Far Masovian) water trough (trough for giving water to cattle and horses) Hypernym: koryto ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from French toque. ==== Noun ==== tok m inan (archaic) toque (type of hat) Synonym: toczek ===== Declension ===== === Further reading === “tok”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[8] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “tok”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[9] (in Polish) Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894), “tok”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 123 == Sarawak Malay == === Alternative forms === tuk === Etymology === From Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu. Compare Tagalog ito (“this”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /toʔ/, /tuʔ/ === Determiner === tok this (what is being indicated) === Pronoun === tok this (the thing, item, etc. being indicated) ==== Derived terms ==== sitok (“here”) == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. Cognate to e-grade tȅći. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tôːk/ ==== Noun ==== tȏk m inan (Cyrillic spelling то̑к) flow stream, current flux sv(j)etlosni tok ― luminous flux energijski tok ― energy flux (Croatia) spatial movement (as opposed to temporal movement, compare tijȇk) ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Further reading ==== “tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوقه (compare Turkish toka). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tôːk/ ==== Noun ==== tȏk m inan (Cyrillic spelling то̑к) (regional) sheath, scabbard Synonym: korice ===== Declension ===== ==== Further reading ==== “tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 == Slovak == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɔk/, [ˈtɔk] Rhymes: -ɔk === Noun === tok m inan (declension pattern of dub) flow current ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “tok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Slovene == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Slavic *tokъ. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tóːk/ ==== Noun ==== tọ̑k m inan current ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === From Hungarian tok. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /tɔ́k/, /tóːk/ ==== Noun ==== tȍk or tọ̑k m inan holder case ===== Declension ===== === Further reading === “tok”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran “tok”, in Termania, Amebis See also the general references == Southeastern Tepehuan == === Etymology === Cognate with Northern Tepehuan tóki, O'odham toki. === Noun === tok cotton === References === R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016), Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎[10] (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 168 == Swedish == === Etymology === Dialectal, perhaps of imitative origin. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tuːk/ === Noun === tok c crazy person, fool, wacko (stupid and/or crazy (and silly) person) shrubby cinquefoil (short form of ölandstok) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== tokrolig tokstolle ==== Related terms ==== på tok tok- toka tokig tokighet === References === “tok”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “tok”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “tok”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) tok in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922) === Anagrams === okt == Tagalog == === Etymology === Onomatopoeic. === Pronunciation === (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈtok/ [ˈt̪ok̚] Rhymes: -ok Syllabification: tok === Interjection === tok (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜃ᜔) sound of knocking: knock! ==== See also ==== === Further reading === “tok”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018 == Tok Pisin == === Etymology === From English talk. === Noun === tok information; message; news; speech; announcement rumour word language ==== Derived terms ==== Tok Pisin tokples (“language”) tok orait (“permission, consent”) ==== Related terms ==== toktok === Verb === tok intrans., transitive tokim (intransitive) to speak, talk ==== Derived terms ==== bekim tok (“to respond”) ==== Related terms ==== tokim == Turkish == === Etymology === Inherited from Ottoman Turkish طوق (ṭoḳ), from Proto-Turkic *tok, from *tod- (“to become satiated”) or *to- (“to fill up; to close, to block”). === Adjective === tok Not hungry; sated, full. Synonym: doymuş Antonym: aç (of fabric) thickly, densely woven (of voice) deep and loud ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === References === === Further reading === “tok”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “tok³”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4848 == Vilamovian == === Etymology === From Middle High German tocke, from Old High German toccha (“doll”), from Proto-Germanic *dokko (“something round”), related to *dukkǭ (“muscle, strength”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeu-k- (“to spin, shake”); cognate with German Docke (“corn dolly”). === Pronunciation === === Noun === tok f (plural toka, diminutive takla) doll === References === James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Tok”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.