tergeo

== Latin == === Alternative forms === tergō === Etymology === Uncertain. Within Italic, the term may connect to Latin mantēle and Umbrian 𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌕𐌓𐌀𐌊𐌋𐌖 (mantraklu). It perhaps further derives from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terǵʰ- (“crush”), whence possibly Sanskrit तृह् (tṛh, “to crush, bruise”). However, the LIV alternatively takes tergō as the original form, though De Vaan notes that the variant tergeō was much more common even in compounds. Regardless, the LIV tentatively derives tergō from a simple thematic present of a Proto-Indo-European root of the shape *terg- or *terǵ-. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈtɛr.ɡe.oː] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈtɛr.d͡ʒe.o] === Verb === tergeō (present infinitive tergēre, perfect active tersī, supine tersum); second conjugation (transitive) to rub, wipe, wipe off, clean, cleanse Synonyms: abstergeō, pūrgō, luō, putō, effingō Antonyms: inquinō, polluō, maculō, scelerō, contingō (transitive) to polish, burnish (transitive) to tickle, whet (figuratively, transitive) to molest, harass (figuratively, transitive) to expiate the murder ==== Conjugation ==== In surviving Classical sources, the passive voice is limited to the third-person forms. ==== Derived terms ==== === References === “tergeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press tergeo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication “tergeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “tergeo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1071