tan

== Translingual == === Etymology 1 === Clipping of English tangent. ==== Symbol ==== tan (trigonometry) The trigonometric function tangent. ===== Usage notes ===== The symbol tan is prescribed by the ISO 80000-2:2019 standard. The symbol tg, traditionally preferred in Eastern Europe and Russia, is explicitly deprecated by ISO 80000-2:2019. ===== Alternative forms ===== tg === Etymology 2 === Clipping of English Tangale. ==== Symbol ==== tan (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Tangale. ==== See also ==== Wiktionary’s coverage of Tangale terms == English == === Pronunciation === (without æ-raising) IPA(key): /ˈtæn/, [ˈtʰæn] (US, Canada, æ-raising) IPA(key): /ˈtɛə̯n/, [ˈtʰɛən] Rhymes: -æn Hyphenation: tan === Etymology 1 === From Middle English tan, from Old French tan (“tanbark”), from Gaulish *tannos (“green oak”) – compare Breton tann (“red oak”), Old Cornish tannen –, from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰonu (“fir”). Per this hypothesis, related to Hittite [script needed] (tanau, “fir”), Latin femur, genitive feminis (“thigh”), German Tann (“woods”), Tanne (“fir”), Albanian thanë (“cranberry bush”), Ancient Greek θάμνος (thámnos, “thicket”), Avestan 𐬚𐬀𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (θanuuarə), Sanskrit धनु (dhánu). ==== Noun ==== tan (plural tans) A light, brown-like colour. A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources. The bark of an oak or other tree from which tannic acid is obtained. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Adjective ==== tan (comparative tanner, superlative tannest) Yellowish-brown. a tan suit Having dark skin as a result of exposure to the sun or an artificial process intended to mimic this effect. Synonyms: suntanned, tanned ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === As a verb, from Middle English tannen, from late Old English tannian (“to tan a hide”), from Latin tannare. ==== Verb ==== tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned) (transitive, intransitive) To change to a tan colour due to exposure to the sun. (transitive) To change an animal hide into leather by soaking it in tannic acid. (transitive, stative) To work as a tanner. (transitive, informal) To spank or beat. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ===== See also ===== Appendix:Colors === Etymology 3 === From a Brythonic language; influenced in form by yan (“one”) in the same series. ==== Numeral ==== tan (dialect, rare) The second cardinal number two, formerly used in Celtic areas, especially Cumbria and parts of Yorkshire, for counting sheep, and stitches in knitting. === Etymology 4 === Borrowed from Armenian թան (tʻan). ==== Noun ==== tan An Armenian drink made of yoghurt and water similar to airan and doogh ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 5 === Borrowed from Cantonese 擔／担 (daam3). ==== Noun ==== tan (usually uncountable, plural tans) Synonym of picul, particularly in Cantonese contexts. === Etymology 6 === From Middle English *tan, from Old English tān (“twig, shoot, switch”), from Proto-West Germanic *tain, from Proto-Germanic *tainaz (“rod, twig, straw, lot”). ==== Noun ==== tan (plural tans) (dialectal) A twig or small switch. ===== Related terms ===== mistletoe === Etymology 7 === It may either be a figurative use of the usual verb tan (“to cause to acquire a brownish colour”) or a Jamaican Creole pronunciation of turn, compare bun (“to kill particularly by gunshot”). ==== Verb ==== tan (third-person singular simple present tans, present participle tanning, simple past and past participle tanned) (transitive, MLE, slang) To kill by gun, to shoot. === See also === === Anagrams === TNA, a'n't, ant, Ant., Ant, an't, NTA, Nat, ant., NAT, ATN, nat, ANT, -ant, ant-, Nat. == Ainu == === Alternative forms === taan === Etymology === From ta (“this”) +‎ an (“is”), literally “this being”. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [tan] === Determiner === tan (Kana spelling タン, plural tanokay) (demonstrative) this ==== Derived terms ==== tanpe (“this”) tanto (“today”) === See also === == Breton == === Etymology === From Middle Breton tan, from Old Breton tan, from Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtãːn/ === Noun === tan m (plural tanioù) fire === Mutation === == Catalan == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtan] Rhymes: -an === Adverb === tan so, such (in comparisons, tan ... com) as ... as ==== Derived terms ==== tan bon punt ==== Related terms ==== tant (“so much, so many”) === Further reading === “tan”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 == Chuukese == === Noun === tan dream == Cornish == === Etymology === From Middle Cornish tan, from Old Cornish tan, from Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân). === Noun === tan m (plural tanow) fire ==== Derived terms ==== === Mutation === == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɑ̃/ Homophones: tans, tant, taon, temps === Etymology 1 === From Middle French tan, from Old French tan, from Latin tannum (“oak bark”), from Gaulish *tannos (“oak”), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”). ==== Noun ==== tan m (plural tans) pulped oak bark used in the tanning process (i.e. of tanning leather) ===== Derived terms ===== tanin ==== Further reading ==== “tan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 === Etymology 2 === Blend of ton +‎ ta. ==== Determiner ==== tan n (singular, plural tes) (gender-neutral, neologism) your ===== Related terms ===== ===== See also ===== iel man san == Fula == === Alternative forms === tun (Pular) === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Adjective === tan only ==== Usage notes ==== Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon) === Adverb === tan only ==== Usage notes ==== Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular). (however tun is more common in Pular of Futa Jalon) === References === M.O. Diodi, Dictionnaire bilingue fulfuldé-français, français-fulfuldé, Niger(?), 1994. M. Niang (1997), Pulaar–English English–Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books D. Osborn, D. Dwyer, and J. Donohoe, A Fulfulde (Maasina)-English-French Lexicon: A Root-Based Compilation Drawn from Extant Sources Followed by English-Fulfulde and French-Fulfulde Listings, East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1993. F.W. de St. Croix and the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, Bayero University, Fulfulde-English Dictionary, Kano: The Centre, 1998. F.W. Taylor, Fulani-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1932. (New York:Hippocrene Books, 2005) == Galician == === Alternative forms === tam, tão (reintegrationist) === Etymology === Inherited from Latin tam. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtaŋ/ [ˈt̪ɑŋ] Rhymes: -aŋ === Adverb === tan so, as (in comparisons) ==== Usage notes ==== Usually paired with como and coma, as tan […] como/coma == Haitian Creole == === Etymology === From French temps (“time, weather”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tã/ === Noun === tan time weather == Hungarian == === Etymology === Back-formation from tanít, tanul, etc. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈtɒn] Hyphenation: tan Rhymes: -ɒn === Noun === tan (plural tanok) doctrine, lore science of, theory, branch of instruction (as a suffix in compounds) -logy, -ology, -graphy (a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject) Synonym: tudomány (as a prefix in compounds) educational, academic Synonym: tanulmányi ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === tan in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. == Iban == === Etymology === From Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tan/ === Adjective === tan resistant (not easily damaged) perseverant undamaged invincible detained === Verb === tan to arrest; to detain to hold on someone to stop something/someone ==== Derived terms ==== == Japanese == === Romanization === tan Rōmaji transcription of たん == Javanese == === Romanization === tan romanization of ꦠꦤ꧀ == Jingpho == === Etymology === Borrowed from Burmese တန်း (tan:). === Noun === tan class === References === Kurabe, Keita (31 December 2016), “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎[3], volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128 == Lower Tanana == === Stem === tan Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations: == Mandarin == === Romanization === tan nonstandard spelling of tān nonstandard spelling of tán nonstandard spelling of tǎn nonstandard spelling of tàn ==== Usage notes ==== Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone. == Middle English == === Alternative forms === tanne, tanny === Etymology === Borrowed from Old French tan, ten and Medieval Latin tannum, tanium. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtan(ə)/ === Noun === tan (plural tannes) oak bark ==== Descendants ==== English: tan Yola: tan ==== References ==== “tan(ne, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. == Middle Irish == === Etymology === From Old Irish tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”). === Noun === tan f (point in) time ==== Derived terms ==== in tan (“when”) in tan sin (“then”) ==== Descendants ==== Irish: tan === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Mizo == === Etymology === From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tan. === Verb === tan to chop to amputate to cross (an obstacle on the road) === Further reading === Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “tan”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society == Old English == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *tain. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tɑːn/ Rhymes: -ɑːn === Noun === tān m twig, branch ==== Declension ==== Strong a-stem: ==== Derived terms ==== tānhlyta, tānhlytere (“diviner”, literally “twig-lot-caster”) misteltān (“mistletoe”) wuldortān (“glory-twig”) ==== Descendants ==== Middle English: *tan English: tan == Old French == === Etymology === From Gaulish *tannos (attested in the place names Tannetum and Tannogilum), from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtãn/ === Noun === tan oblique singular, m (oblique plural tans, nominative singular tans, nominative plural tan) pulped oak bark used in the tanning process (i.e. of tanning leather) ==== Descendants ==== Middle French: tan French: tan → Dutch: taan → Middle English: tan, tanne, tannyEnglish: tanYola: tan == Old Irish == === Etymology === From Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈt̪an/ === Noun === tan f (point in) time ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== in tan (“when”) ==== Descendants ==== Middle Irish: tanIrish: tan === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tan, tain”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Old Javanese == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tan/ Hyphenation: tan === Adverb === tan not === Adjective === tan not === Alternative forms === === Derived terms === === Descendants === > Javanese: ꦠꦤ꧀ (tan) (inherited) === Further reading === "tan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982. == Old Occitan == === Alternative forms === tant === Etymology === From Latin tantus. === Adverb === tan such; so much; to such an extent === Adjective === tan such; so much === References === Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “tantus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 13: T–Ti, page 85 == Old Swedish == === Etymology === From Old Norse tǫnn, from Proto-Germanic *tanþs. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tan/ === Noun === tan f tooth ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Swedish: tand == Pipil == === Etymology === Compare Classical Nahuatl tlantli (“tooth, teeth”). === Noun === -tan (plural -tajtan) tooth (in the plural) dentition === Further reading === Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao. == Polish == === Etymology === Back-formation from taniec. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtan/ Rhymes: -an Syllabification: tan === Noun === tan m inan (archaic, humorous, usually in the plural) dance Synonym: taniec ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === tan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN tan in Polish dictionaries at PWN == Somali == === Determiner === tan this (feminine) == Sora == === Etymology === From Proto-Austroasiatic *taːɲ. Cognate with Santali teɲ, Khmer ត្បាញ (tbaañ), Arem taːɲ, Khasi tʰaːɲ === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /-taɲ-/ === Noun === tan to weave == Spanish == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin tam. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (determiner) /ˈtan/ [ˈt̪ãn] Syllabification: tan IPA(key): (adverb) /tan/ [t̪ãn] Rhymes: -an === Adverb === tan so, as very ==== Usage notes ==== Usually paired with como: tan […] como (“as […] as”) or with que: tan […] que (“so […] that”). === Determiner === tan such, such a ==== Derived terms ==== === References === === Further reading === “tan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Sranan Tongo == === Etymology === From English stand. === Verb === tan to stay, to reside to stay, to remain in a state == Swedish == === Verb === tan (archaic or dialectal) second-person plural imperative of ta == Turkish == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish طاڭ (taŋ), from Proto-Common Turkic *taŋ. === Noun === tan (definite accusative tanı, plural tanlar) dawn, twilight O gece tan yeri ağırana kadar selâmettir. ― On that night, there is peace till twilight. ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== seher şafak == Vietnamese == === Etymology === Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 散 (SV: tán, tản). === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [taːn˧˧] (Huế) IPA(key): [taːŋ˧˧] (Saigon) IPA(key): [taːŋ˧˧] === Verb === tan • (散, 㪚, 潵, 珊) to melt (in a liquid) to dissolve, dissipate (in certain expressions) to finish; to dismiss ==== Derived terms ==== == Welsh == === Alternative forms === (under): dan, o dan === Etymology === From Middle Welsh tan, from Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanai, dative of *tanā, from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tan/ Rhymes: -an === Preposition === tan (triggers soft mutation on a following noun) until (literary) under while ==== Usage notes ==== In literary Welsh, tan can mean both "under" and "until". In Welsh usage today, however, dan (originally the soft mutation of tan) has become a preposition in its own right with the meaning "under" whereas tan means "until", retaining the meaning "under" in certain expressions, compound words and place names. Modern dan or tan are not usually mutated. o dan is an alternative to dan. ==== Inflection ==== ==== See also ==== tân === Mutation === === References === R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “tan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies == Wolof == === Noun === tan (definite form tan mi) vulture == Yámana == === Noun === tan earth, soil, dust, ground == Yogad == === Adverb === tan more; -er == Yola == === Etymology === From Middle English tan, from Old French tan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tan/ === Noun === tan Sandy land near the sea shore. === References === Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990), “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎[4], volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 161 == Zay == === Etymology === Cognate to Silt'e [script needed] (tan). === Noun === tan smoke (from a fire) === References === Initial SLLE Survey of the Zway Area by Klaus Wedekind and Charlotte Wedekind