stan

== English == === Etymology 1 === From Stan (“Stanley”), after the song "Stan" by Eminem (2000), a fictitious account of the rapper's encounter with an overly obsessive fan named Stan. Sometimes assumed to be a blend of stalker +‎ fan, but perhaps simply chosen for the rhyme. ==== Alternative forms ==== Stan ==== Pronunciation ==== (UK, Canada, US) IPA(key): /stæn/ enPR: stăn Rhymes: -æn ==== Noun ==== stan (plural stans) (Internet slang, sometimes derogatory) An extremely obsessive fan of a person, group, character, or creative work, particularly one whose fixation is unhealthy or intrusive. Hypernyms: megafan, superfan, otaku, trash, trufan, uberfan; fan, follower; see also Thesaurus:fan Hyponym: sasaeng (K-pop fandom) K-pop stan ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Verb ==== stan (third-person singular simple present stans, present participle stanning, simple past and past participle stanned) (slang, transitive, intransitive) To act as a stan (for); to be an obsessive fan (of). For quotations using this term, see Citations:stan. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Back-formation from -stan. ==== Alternative forms ==== Stan, 'Stan, 'stan, -stan, -Stan ==== Pronunciation ==== (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /stɑːn/ (US) IPA(key): /stæn/ enPR: stän ==== Noun ==== stan (plural stans) (informal) A country, often ex-Soviet, whose name ends with -stan, such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, or Kazakhstan. ===== Derived terms ===== === Further reading === "Stan" fans on Wikipedia.Wikipedia Stan Twitter on Wikipedia.Wikipedia === References === === Anagrams === Tans, nats, ants, ASNT, tans, Nats, Tsan, NATs, NTAs, Sant, Nast == Albanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ (“camp”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈstan/ === Noun === stan m (plural stane, definite stani) place with huts and pens for shepherds and cattle; shed, fold, barn; hut, shelter Synonyms: tëbanë, bun flock of sheep Synonyms: kope, grigjë (derogatory) hostile group, gang, unit Synonyms: grup, kamp ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === === Further reading === “stan”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006 FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[6], 1980, page 1787 Mann, S. E. (1948), “stan”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 460a == Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Czech stan, from Proto-Slavic *stanъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈstan] Rhymes: -an === Noun === stan m inan tent ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “stan”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “stan”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “stan”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Emilian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈstaŋ/ === Verb === stan third-person plural present indicative of stèr == Gullah == === Alternative forms === tan === Etymology === From English stand. === Pronunciation === (Gullah Geechee) IPA(key): /stɛːn/ (Afro-Seminole Creole) IPA(key): /tɛːn/ === Verb === stan To be like To appear also see: stanop === References === Virginia Mixson Geraty, Gulluh fuh oonuh: Gullah for You (1997) Seminole Indian Scouts Cemetery Association. Afro-Seminole Creole Wikitongues Language Class == Indonesian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Dutch stand, from Middle Dutch stant, from Old Dutch *stand, from Proto-West Germanic *stand, related to the verb *stān (“to stand”) (whence staan). ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈstan/ [ˈst̪an] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: stan Homophone: STAN ==== Noun ==== stan (plural stan-stan) defense, position Synonyms: kedudukan, pertahanan showroom Synonym: ruang pamer podium; stage Synonyms: mimbar, panggung ===== Related terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Oirata [Term?]. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈstan/ [ˈst̪an] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: stan Homophone: STAN ==== Noun ==== stan (plural stan-stan) the lowest caste in the Woirata Tribe, Maluku, tasked with serving other castes === Further reading === “stan”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Italian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈstan/ Rhymes: -an Hyphenation: stàn === Verb === stan apocopic form of stanno === References === == Middle English == === Noun === stan (plural stanes or stan) alternative form of stone == Middle High German == === Alternative forms === stēn === Etymology === Inherited from Old High German stān, stēn, from Proto-West Germanic *stān. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈs̠taːn/ === Verb === stān (irregular, third-person singular present stāt, past tense stuont, past participle gestān or gestanden, past subjunctive stüende, auxiliary hān) to stand ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Descendants ==== Alemannic German: staa, schtaa Bavarian: Cimbrian: stean Mòcheno: stean Northern Bavarian: [ʒ̊d̥ɛi] Central Franconian: stohn, stonn, stiehn Hunsrik: stehn Luxembourgish: stoen German: stehen Rhine Franconian: stehn Pennsylvania German: Vilamovian: śtejn Yiddish: שטיין (shteyn) == Old Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈstan/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈstan/ === Noun === stan m inan tent (in the plural) camp; tabernacle inside of the heart interior ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Czech: stan === References === Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “stan”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění == Old Dutch == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną. === Verb === stān To stand. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== antstān bistān farstān ==== Descendants ==== Middle Dutch: stâenDutch: staanAfrikaans: staanBerbice Creole Dutch: tanJersey Dutch: stânNegerhollands: staan, tan→ Biak: vestanLimburgish: staon ==== Further reading ==== “stān”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012 == Old English == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂no-, *stih₂-no- (a suffixed form of *steyh₂- (“to be solid, to crowd together”)). Cognate with Old Frisian stēn, Old Saxon stēn (German Low German Steen), Old Dutch sten, stein (Dutch steen), Old High German stein (German Stein), Old Norse steinn (Icelandic steinn, Faroese steinur, Norwegian Nynorsk stein, Norwegian Bokmål stein, sten, Danish sten, Swedish sten), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (stains). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek στῖον (stîon, “pebble”), Proto-Slavic *stěnà (Bulgarian стена (stena), Russian стена́ (stená), Czech stěna (“wall”)). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /stɑːn/ Rhymes: -ɑːn === Noun === stān m stone the manuscript only runic character ᛥ (/st/) ==== Declension ==== Strong a-stem: ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== stǣnen stǣner ==== Descendants ==== Middle English: ston, stan, stane, stoan, stone, stoon, stooneEnglish: stone (see there for further descendants)Geordie: styenOttawa Valley: stoan, staunWest Riding: stoanScots: staneYola: sthoan→ Anglo-Norman: ston == Old High German == === Alternative forms === stēn — see there for more === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *stān. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /s̠taːn/ === Verb === stān to stand ==== Usage notes ==== The ā-form was found especially in Alemannic and in western Franconian. In the former, the vocalism was regularized early on (du stās, er stāt); in the latter, the West Germanic vowel alternation (du steis, he steit) has been preserved even to this day. ==== Declentions ==== Strong Class 6 irregular, supperlative(Suppletion) ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: stān, stēn Alemannic German: staa, schtaa Bavarian: Cimbrian: stean Mòcheno: stean Northern Bavarian: [ʒ̊d̥ɛi] Central Franconian: stohn, stonn, stiehn Hunsrik: stehn Luxembourgish: stoen German: stehen Rhine Franconian: stehn Pennsylvania German: Vilamovian: śtejn Yiddish: שטיין (shteyn) === See also === gān == Old Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stȃnъ. First attested in the 12th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /staːn/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /stɒn/ === Noun === stan m inan (diminutive stanek, augmentative stanowisko or stanowiszcze, related adjective stanowy) (attested in Silesia, Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) travel duty (duty to support a ruler and his court, officials or team during a trip around the country, imposed on the rural population, converted over time into a tribute in kind or a pecuniary fee) (hapax legomenon) stopping, halting (attested in Masovia, hapax legomenon) place of stopping or halting (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland, Pomerania, Kuyavia) natural or artificial dwelling; temporary shelter, especially a tent (hapax legomenon) position (place to stand) (attested in Lesser Poland, in the plural) camp (campsite, area of ​​a camp; military camp; people staying in a camp) hunting lodge (hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: storage building; granary (hapax legomenon) circle, circumference, region (attested in Pomerania, Greater Poland, hapax legomenon) armed host of angel (hapax legomenon) state (set of circumstances applying at any given time) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: stan, ston (Middle Polish, Łowicz), stón (Łowicz, Sieradz, Wieluń, Radomsko), stán (Biecz, Ropczyce-Sędziszów County) Silesian: stōn === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “stan”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Mańczak, Witold (2017), “stan”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “stan”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “stan”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN S. Urbańczyk, editor (1981), “stan”, in Słownik staropolski (in Polish), volume 8, Wrocław, Warsaw, Kraków, Gdańsk, Łódź: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 412 Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “stan”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN Ewa Deptuchowa, et al., editors (2024), “stan”, in Baza Leksykalna Średniowiecznej Polszczyzny [Lexical Base of Medieval Polish] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk Wanda Decyk-Zięba; Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa; Stanisław Dubisz; Zygmunt Gałecki; Justyna Garczyńska; Halina Karaś; Alina Kępińska; Anna Pasoń; Izabela Stąpor; Barbara Taras; Izabela Winiarska-Górska (2008), “stan”, in Wanda Decyk-Zięba, Stanisław Dubisz, editors, Glosariusz staropolski - dydaktyczny słownik etymologiczny [Old Polish Glossary - Didactic Etymological Dictionary] (in Polish), Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, →ISBN, page 194 == Old Saxon == === Alternative forms === standan === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *stān, from Proto-Germanic *stāną. === Verb === stān To stand. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle Low German: stān German Low German: stahn == Polish == === Alternative forms === ston (Middle Polish, Łowicz) stón (Łowicz, Sieradz, Wieluń, Radomsko) stán (Biecz, Ropczyce-Sędziszów County) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish stan. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 2.1 are semantic loans from Latin status. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -an Syllabification: stan === Noun === stan m inan (related adjective stanowy, abbreviation st.) state (a condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time) Synonym: kondycja state (someone's disposition or mood) Synonyms: nastrój, usposobienie state; shape, form Synonyms: forma, postać (Western Kraków, Sławków) synonym of możność (politics) state (political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy) (obsolete) state (sovereign polity) (historical) state, echelon; caste; level (layer of society during the Middle Ages) (somewhat dated) ring (group of people based on their profession or social function) state (characterization of a person's situation in relation to his or her social role in creating a family) (Łęczyca, Parzęczew) state (social role) (literary, anatomy) waist (the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach) Synonym: talia (literary) waist (a part of a piece of clothing that covers the waist) Synonym: talia (dated, antomy) upper body (the upper part of the body, usually upwards of the waist) upper body (part of the clothes from the shoulders to the waist) groin (part of pants, including panties or tights, between the crotch and the waistband) (Podlachia, Tykocin) inn stable (large stable at an inn) Hypernym: stajnia (Sieradz, Wieluń, Radomsko) synonym of gorset (Northern Borderlands, Švenčionys) line (row of wheels lined up next to one another) (obsolete) number; amount Synonyms: ilość, liczba (Middle Polish, now historical) station (obligation to provide room and board during the journey of the ruler and his retinue, later changed into an annual monetary tribute) Synonym: stacja (obsolete) profession; occupation; position Synonyms: stanowisko, zajęcie, zawód (obsolete or dialectal, Suwałki, Augustów Governorate, Northern Borderlands, Sejny, Kaunas) four cubits of canvas (obsolete, beekeeping) beekeeper's shelter in the woods ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “stan”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[38] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “stan”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[39] (in Polish) Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “stan”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “STAN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 17 February 2009 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “stan”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 387 Jan Karłowicz (1907), “stan”, in Jan Łoś, editors, Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 5: R S Ś T, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 222 stan in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego == Romanian == === Noun === stan n (plural stanuri) alternative form of stană ==== Declension ==== == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === From Proto-Slavic *stanъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stāˀnas. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /stâːn/ Rhymes: -âːn === Noun === stȃn m inan (Cyrillic spelling ста̑н) flat, apartment loom (tkàlačkī stȃn) ==== Declension ==== ==== Quotations ==== For quotations using this term, see Citations:stan. ==== Derived terms ==== stàmbenī stànār sȕstanār sȕstanārka === References === “stan”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 Matea Birtić et al. (2012), “stan”, in Školski rječnik hrvatskoga jezika [School Dictionary of the Croatian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje [Institute of the Croatian Language and Linguistics]; Školska knjiga == Slovak == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /stan/, [ˈstan] Rhymes: -an === Noun === stan m inan (relational adjective stanový) tent (slang) erection, hard-on ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “stan”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Swedish == === Alternative forms === sta'n === Etymology === Contraction of staden, the definite singular of stad. === Noun === stan (colloquial or idiomatic) alternative form of staden (“the city, the town”) (See the usage notes below for when "stan" is idiomatic. All usage examples below are idiomatic except the last.) ==== Usage notes ==== As a rule of thumb, "stan" as opposed to "staden" is idiomatic and not colloquial in cases where "town" is more idiomatic than "the town" in English, being lexicalized and treated more like a place name. The native intuition is similar, intuitively wanting to translate "stan" as "town" rather than "the town." Another word with similar intuition is toa (“toilet; (the) bathroom”) (colloquial). "På staden" as opposed to "på stan" is rare. "På stan" as opposed to "i stan" emphasizes the town as the location of some activity (see på), though it is fairly subtle. Preposition preference might also vary depending on dialect. The examples above also apply to villages (byar) and the like, except without any special idiomatic contracted form. "På byn" (on the village) also sounds more dialectal or rustic. Stockholmers insist that stan always refers to Stockholm and no other cities. The phrase inte i stan (“not in the town”) to them means outside of Stockholm, but to other Swedes it means outside of any town, i.e., in the countryside. === References === “stan”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “stan”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “stad”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) === Anagrams === sant