stanch

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /stɑːn(t)ʃ/, /stæn(t)ʃ/ (General American) enPR: stônch, stänch, stănch, -sh, IPA(key): /stɔn(t)ʃ/, /stɑn(t)ʃ/, /stæn(t)ʃ/ Rhymes: -ɑːntʃ, -æntʃ, -ɔːntʃ === Etymology 1 === From Middle English stanch, a variant of staunch, staunche (“(adjective) in good condition or repair; solidly made, firm; watertight; of a person or wound: not bleeding; certain; intact; (adverb) firmly, soundly”) [and other forms]; see further at staunch. ==== Adjective ==== stanch (comparative stancher, superlative stanchest) Archaic spelling of staunch. ==== Adverb ==== stanch (comparative more stanch, superlative most stanch) (obsolete) Possibly strictly. ==== Derived terms ==== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English stanch, stanche [and other forms], a variant of Middle English staunchen, staunche (“to stop the flow of blood, diarrhoea, or other bodily fluids; to alleviate, ease; to appease, assuage, satisfy; to cure; to overcome; to put an end to; to repress, suppress; of a river or stream: to stop flowing; of waters, wind, or weather: to become calm, subside; to extinguish or put out (a fire)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman estauncher, estaunchier, estanger, Old French estancher, estanchier (“to stop the flow of a liquid (blood, water, etc.); to make (something) watertight; to quench (thirst)”) (modern French étancher (“to stop the flow of a liquid; to make watertight; to quench (thirst); (figuratively) to assuage, quench, satiate”) [and other forms], possibly from one of the following: From Vulgar Latin *stagnicāre, from Latin stāgnum (“piece of standing water, pond; fen, swamp”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂g- (“to drip; to seep”). From Vulgar Latin *stānticāre, from *stānticus (“tired”), from Latin stāns, stāntis (“standing; remaining, staying”). Stāns is the present active participle of stō (“to stand; to remain, stay”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”). Sense 1.2 (“to make (a building or other structure) watertight or weatherproof”) is derived from French étancher (“to stop water from flowing, make watertight”), from Old French estanchier (verb): see above. ==== Verb ==== stanch (third-person singular simple present stanches, present participle stanching, simple past and past participle stanched) (especially American spelling) (transitive, poetic, otherwise archaic) To stop the flow of (water or some other liquid). Synonyms: estop, stopple To stop the flow of (blood); also, to stop (a wound) from bleeding. To make (a building or other structure) watertight or weatherproof. (transitive) To check or stop, or deter (an action). To stop the progression of (an illness); also, to alleviate (pain); often followed by of: to relieve (someone's) pain. (transitive, obsolete) To extinguish or put out (as a fire, anger, etc.); also, to quench or satisfy (as desire, hunger, thirst, etc.). (intransitive, also reflexive) Of bleeding: to stop. (intransitive, also reflexive, obsolete) Of an occurrence or other thing: to come to an end; to cease; also, of persons: to stop acting violently. ===== Usage notes ===== Stanch is more commonly used as the spelling of the verb compared to staunch, especially in the United States; while staunch is more common as the spelling of the adjective, with stanch now regarded as archaic. Prescriptively, some readers may assume that reversals of these preferences are incorrect. ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== staunch ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === See staunch (etymology 3). ==== Noun ==== stanch (plural stanches) Alternative spelling of staunch (“that which stanches; act of stanching”). === Etymology 4 === From Old French estanche (“pond; tank”), from estanc (“pond”) (modern French étang (“pond; lagoon”)), from estanchier (verb): see further at etymology 2. ==== Noun ==== stanch (plural stanches) A floodgate by which water is accumulated, for floating a boat over a shallow part of a stream by its release; also, a dam or lock in a river. ===== Alternative forms ===== staunch ===== Translations ===== === References === === Further reading === Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Stanch”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes III (REA–ZYM), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC, page 2306, column 2: “A flood-gate for accumulating a head of water in a river to float boats over shallows, when it is allowed to escape.” === Anagrams === Chants, chanst, chants, snatch == Cornish == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Adjective === stanch staunch, waterproof ==== Derived terms ==== === References === “stanch” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.