jak

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of English Jakun. === Symbol === jak (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Jakun. == English == === Noun === jak (plural jaks) Alternative form of jack (“the tree Mangifera caesia”). ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== jakfruit === Anagrams === AJK, kaj == Acehnese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɟaʔ/ === Verb === jak to walk; to go === References === Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283. == Albanian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [jak] === Noun === jak m (plural jakë, definite jaku, definite plural jakët) (zoology) yak; (domesticated) wild ox === Further reading === [2] m. noun jak (engl. yak) • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary) == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈjak] Rhymes: -ak === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Czech jak, from Proto-Slavic *jako (“how, in which way”). ==== Adverb ==== jak how Jak se máš/máte? ― How are you? Jak to jde? ― How's it going? ==== Conjunction ==== jak as jak Petr tak Pavel ― both Peter and Paul jak se do lesa volá, tak se z lesa ozývá ― as you call into the forest, you hear from the forest; what goes around comes around ==== See also ==== jako jakoby jaký nejen ... ale i at nejen === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. ==== Noun ==== jak m anim yak (mammal) ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === References === === Further reading === “jak”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “jak”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “jak”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jɑk/ Hyphenation: jak Rhymes: -ɑk === Etymology 1 === From Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. ==== Alternative forms ==== yack, yak ==== Noun ==== jak m (plural jaks, diminutive jakje n) yak, the ox-like Himalayan bovine, Bos grunniens ===== Derived terms ===== (produce) jakboter, jakmelk === Etymology 2 === From Middle Dutch jak, borrowed from Old French jaque (“medieval doublet”). Cognate with English jacket. ==== Noun ==== jak n (plural jakken, diminutive jakje n) tight upper body garment ===== Descendants ===== Negerhollands: jakje (from the diminutive) == Garo == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /d͡ʒak/ === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Bodo-Garo *yak (“hand; arm”). Cognate with Narua lak (“hand”). ==== Noun ==== jak hand arm ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Proto-Bodo-Garo *yak (“leaf”). ==== Noun ==== jak leaf ==== Classifier ==== jak used with leaves == Hungarian == === Etymology === From Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈjɒk] Rhymes: -ɒk === Noun === jak (plural jakok) yak ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == Kalo Finnish Romani == === Noun === jak f (genitive jakkako, nominative plural jakka, genitive plural jakkengo) (anatomy) eye ==== Derived terms ==== == Kashubian == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈjak/ Rhymes: -ak Syllabification: jak === Adverb === jak (not comparable) how === Conjunction === jak how === Further reading === Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “jak”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[3] “jak”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022 == Malay == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -aʔ === Adverb === jak (Pontianak) alternative spelling of sahaja (“only”) == Middle English == === Noun === jak alternative form of jakke == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From languages such as English yak, German Jak or French yak, all from Tibetan གཡག (g.yag, “yak”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ (“sheep, yak”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jak/ Rhymes: -ak Hyphenation: jak Homophone: jakk === Noun === jak m (definite singular jaken, indefinite plural jaker, definite plural jakene) a yak (an ox-like mammal native to the Himalayas, Mongolia, Burma, and Tibet with dark, long, and silky hair, a horse-like tail, and a full, bushy mane; scientific name Bos grunniens) === References === “jak” in The Bokmål Dictionary. “jak” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB). “jak” in Store norske leksikon == Old Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈjak/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈjak/ === Adverb === jak alternative form of jako === Conjunction === jak alternative form of jako ==== Descendants ==== Czech: jak === References === Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “jak”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění == Old Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. First attested in the 15th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /jak/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /jak/ === Adverb === jak adverbial interrogative; how (in what way) adverbial relational; as, like (in a similar way) The meaning of this term is uncertain. === Conjunction === jak introduces a conditional; if introduces a temporal clause; when ==== Descendants ==== Polish: jak Silesian: jak === References === B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “jak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN == Polish == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ak Syllabification: jak Homophone: Jak === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Polish jak. ==== Pronoun ==== jak how (to what degree or extent) Jak masz na imię? ― What's your name? (informal) Jak się masz? ― How are you? (informal) Jak to zrobiłeś? ― How did you do that? ===== Related terms ===== ==== Conjunction ==== jak as (in the same way or manner that; to the same degree that) Jak widać, jeszcze nie skończyłam. ― As you can see, I haven't finished yet. Jego ojciec jest silny jak wół. ― His father is strong as an ox. like, as if, as though (in a manner suggesting) Wyglądasz jak obcokrajowiec. ― You look like a foreigner. (colloquial or dialectal, Kuyavia) synonym of kiedy / gdy; when (during the time that) Jak byłem w lesie, to widziałem niedźwiedzia. ― When I was in the forest, I saw a bear. (colloquial or dialectal, Kuyavia) synonym of jeżeli; if (supposing that, assuming that, in the circumstances that) Jak będziesz dalej tak robiła, to w końcu cię rzuci. ― If you keep doing that, he'll eventually dump you. (colloquial or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Kuyavia, Ostróda, Przemyśl) synonym of niż (“than”) (used in comparisons, to introduce the basis of comparison) Typ nie miał więcej jak metr sześćdziesiąt. ― The guy was no taller than a meter sixty. used with a superlative; as much as, as soon as (used to say that two things are equal in amount or degree) Zrobię to jak najszybciej. ― I'll do it as soon as possible. ===== Related terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from English yak. ==== Noun ==== jak m animal (related adjective jaczy) yak, Tartary ox, grunting ox, hairy cattle (Bos grunniens) ===== Declension ===== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jak is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 375 times in scientific texts, 247 times in news, 343 times in essays, 530 times in fiction, and 756 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 2251 times, making it the 18th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “jak I”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “jak II”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “jak”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[6] (in Polish) jak in PWN's encyclopedia Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “jako, jak, jeko”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “JAK I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.03.2020 “JAK II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.03.2020 “JAK III”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.03.2020 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “jak”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “jak”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “jak”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 126 Oskar Kolberg (1867), “jak”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 271 Antoni Krasnowolski (1879), “jak”, in Album uczącéj się młodzieży polskiéj poświęcone Józefowi Ignacemu Kraszewskiemu z powodu jubileuszu jego pięćdziesięcioletniéj działalności literackiéj (in Polish), Lviv: Czytelni Akademickiéj Lwowskiéj; "Gaz. Narod." J. Dobrzańskiego i K. Gromana, Słowniczek prowincjalizmów zebranych w ziemi chełmińskiej i świeckiej, page 303 Kazimierz Nitsch (1907), “niż”, in “Dyalekty polskie Prus zachodnich”, in Materyały i Prace Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie (in Polish), volume 3, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 390 Aleksander Saloni (1908), “jak”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne‎[7] (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 335 == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jakъ. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /jâːk/ ==== Adjective ==== jȃk (Cyrillic spelling ја̑к, definite jȃkī, comparative jȁčī) strong Synonyms: silan, snažan ===== Declension ===== ===== Related terms ===== jačati ==== Further reading ==== “jak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 === Etymology 2 === From Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /jâk/ ==== Noun ==== jȁk m anim (Cyrillic spelling ја̏к) yak (ox-like mammal) ===== Declension ===== ==== Further reading ==== “jak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 == Silesian == === Alternative forms === jako === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish jak. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈjak/ Rhymes: -ak Syllabification: jak === Pronoun === jak how === Adverb === jak comparative as Synonyms: choby, choćby as (in the (same) way or manner that; to the (same) degree that) as well as when Synonyms: kedy, kej than Synonyms: aniżeli, niż if Synonyms: dy, ejźli, eli, eźli, gdy, jeli, jeźli, jeźli === Further reading === jak in dykcjonorz.eu jak in silling.org == Slovak == === Etymology === Derived from Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ (“sheep, yak”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jak/, [ˈjak] Rhymes: -ak === Noun === jak m animal (genitive singular jaka, nominative plural jaky, genitive plural jakov, declension pattern of dub) yak ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== jačí === Further reading === “jak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Slovene == === Etymology === From Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jáːk/ === Noun === jȃk m anim yak (ox-like mammal) ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “jak”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran “jak”, in Termania, Amebis See also the general references == Slovincian == === Alternative forms === ak, akô, jakô === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈjak/ Rhymes: -ak Syllabification: jak === Adverb === jak (not comparable) (interrogative) how === Conjunction === jak as, like (in comparisons) like; than === Further reading === Lorentz, Friedrich (1908), “jãk”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎[8] (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 379 == Swedish == === Etymology === From Tibetan གཡག (g.yag), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jak ~ g-jaŋ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jɑːk/ === Noun === jak c a yak, an ox-like mammal ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== grymtoxe ==== Related terms ==== jakmjölk === References === “jak”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) === Anagrams === Kaj, kaj == Volapük == === Etymology === From English shark. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ʃak] === Noun === jak (genitive jaka, plural jaks) shark ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== hijak jijak