jakby

== Old Polish == === Etymology === From jak + -by. First attested in the end of the fifteenth century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /jaɡbi/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /jaɡbi/ === Conjunction === jakby as if, like ==== Descendants ==== Polish: jakby Silesian: jakby === References === B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “jakby”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish jakby. By surface analysis, jak +‎ -by. Compare Kashubian jakbë. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -aɡbɘ Syllabification: jak‧by === Conjunction === jakby introduces an unreal conditional; if Synonyms: gdyby, jeśliby as if, as though Synonyms: jak, jak gdyby, tak jakby (Przemyśl, San river, with i) synonym of jak (“as well as”) (obsolete) just to Synonyms: byle, żeby (Przemyśl, San river, with nie) synonym of byle (Central Greater Poland, Środa Wielkopolska) synonym of niżby (Middle Polish) in order to, so that Synonyms: aby, żeby (Middle Polish) introduces a subordinate clause; that Synonym: że ==== Declension ==== === Particle === jakby kinda, like, as though Synonyms: jak gdyby, niby, poniekąd, tak jakby as if, as though Synonyms: jak, jak gdyby, jakoby (Middle Polish) almost, nearly; approximately Synonyms: prawie, mniej więcej, niemal, około (Middle Polish) clarification particle; that is; namely; for example (Middle Polish) creates a conditional third person imperative; let, may Synonym: niechby ==== Derived terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), jakby is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 18 times in scientific texts, 1 time in news, 7 times in essays, 143 times in fiction, and 89 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 258 times, making it the 203rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “jakby”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “jakby”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish) Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “jakby”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “JAKBY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 28.07.2021 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “jakby”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “jakby”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “jakby”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 127 Jan Karłowicz (1901), “jakby”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 223 == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish jakby. By surface analysis, jak +‎ -by. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈjaɡ.bɪ/ Rhymes: -aɡbɪ Syllabification: jak‧by === Conjunction === jakby introduces an unreal conditional; if as if, as though ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === jakby in silling.org