schouven

== Middle English == === Alternative forms === scheve, schove, schoven, schouve, schowve, schowe, shoven, showe, showve scuven, seve, shufe (Early Middle English); chove, schoffe (Late Middle English); schowwyn, showen, xowyn (Promptorium Parvulorum) schwve (Northwest Midland); scheove, sheove (Southern, Southwest Midland) === Etymology === Inherited from Old English sċūfan, sċēofan (the latter is the ancestor of the variant scheve), from Proto-West Germanic *skeuban, *skūban, from Proto-Germanic *skeubaną, *skūbaną. As with chesen, the form with /eː/ regularly reflects Old English /e͜oː/, while that with /oː/ (reflected in Scots shuve, contrasting with shoo from /uː/) reflects a dissimilatory shift of stress to that diphthong's second element after a palatalised consonant. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈʃuːvən/, /ˈʃuvən/ IPA(key): /ˈʃeːvən/, /ˈʃoːvən/ (from sċēofan) === Verb === schouven (third-person singular simple present schouveth, present participle schouvynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schef, past participle schoven) (ambitransitive) To shove; to push forcefully or roughly. (transitive) To move by shoving or with force: To throw or toss; to move into. To stab or thrust; to move a weapon into something. (of weather) To propel or drive. (figuratively, rare) To promote; to make prominent. (intransitive) To press or push oneself forward: To jostle; to push through a crowd. (transitive) To reject or refuse: To remove forcibly or unwillingly. (transitive, rare) To extend or move. (transitive, rare) To secure or prop up. ==== Usage notes ==== This verb tends to become weak in later Middle English. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Related terms ==== schovele schouve schouvynge ==== Descendants ==== English: shove → Middle Scots: shuff Middle Scots: schow; schwve Scots: shoo, shou, shue; shuve ==== References ==== “shǒuven, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. “shove, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.