sal

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of English Salishan. === Symbol === sal (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Salishan languages. == English == === Etymology 1 === From Middle English sal, from Latin sal. Doublet of salt. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sæl/ ==== Noun ==== sal (uncountable) (chemistry, obsolete) Salt. ===== Usage notes ===== Was used predominantly to form the names of various chemical compounds. ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Hindi साल (sāl), from Sanskrit शाल (śāla). ==== Alternative forms ==== shaal, shala, saul ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sɑːl/ ==== Noun ==== sal (plural sals) Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree. ===== Translations ===== ==== See also ==== sal sac === Etymology 3 === Coined by Eduard Suess in 1909, in Das Antlitz der Erde, as a blend of translingual Si (silicon) +‎ Al (aluminum). ==== Alternative forms ==== Sal ==== Noun ==== sal (uncountable) (geology) Alternative form of sial. === References === === Anagrams === ALS, ALs, ASL, LAs, LSA, SLA, a/s/l, al's, als, asl, las == Afrikaans == === Etymology === From Dutch zal, singular of zullen, from Middle Dutch sullen, from Old Dutch *sulan, from Proto-West Germanic *skulan, from Proto-Germanic *skulaną. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sal/ === Verb === sal (present sal, past sou) shall, will == Aragonese == === Etymology === From Latin sal. === Noun === sal f salt === References === Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002), “sal”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN == Asturian == === Etymology === From Latin salem. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsal/ [ˈsal] Rhymes: -al Syllabification: sal === Noun === sal m (plural sales) salt == Azerbaijani == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [sɑɫ] === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Turkic *sāl. ==== Noun ==== sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar) raft (wooden) ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Likely from Proto-Turkic *sal- (“throw, lower, put; heavy”); see Azerbaijani salmaq. ==== Noun ==== sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar) monolith (a large, single block of stone) ===== Declension ===== ==== Adjective ==== sal (comparative daha sal, superlative ən sal) whole, unbroken, of one piece ==== Verb ==== sal second-person singular imperative of salmaq === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from Persian سال. ==== Noun ==== sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar) (Classical Azerbaijani) year Synonyms: il, sənə, am ===== Declension ===== === Further reading === “sal” in Obastan.com. == Catalan == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Catalan sal, from Latin sāl. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈsal] === Noun === sal f (plural sals) salt ==== Related terms ==== salar === References === “sal”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 “sal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026 “sal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “sal”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan) == Chairel == === Noun === sal sun === References === W. McCulloch, Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill tribes with a comparative vocabulary of the Munnipore and other languages (1859, Calcutta: Bengal Printing Company) == Chavacano == === Etymology === Inherited from Spanish sal (“salt”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsal/, [ˈsal] === Noun === sal salt == Danish == === Etymology === From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, cognate with German Saal, Dutch zaal. The Germanic word was borrowed to French salon. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈsæˀl] === Noun === sal c (singular definite salen, plural indefinite sale) hall, room floor (storey of a building) Synonym: etage ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== retssal === Further reading === “sal” in Den Danske Ordbog “sal” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog == Esperanto == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sal/ Rhymes: -al Syllabification: sal === Interjection === sal (colloquial) clipping of saluton (“hello”) === Further reading === “sal”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026 == Galician == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sal, from Latin salem. Compare Portuguese sal. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [s̺al] === Noun === sal m (plural sales) salt ==== Derived terms ==== saleiro ==== Related terms ==== As Saíñas === References === “sal”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026 Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “sal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sal”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sal”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN == Garo == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Noun === sal sun, day, daytime a 24 hour period weather classifier for days ==== Derived terms ==== salgipeng == Guinea-Bissau Creole == === Etymology === Inherited from Portuguese sal, from Old Galician-Portuguese sal, from Latin salem. Cognate with Kabuverdianu sal. === Noun === sal salt == Icelandic == === Noun === sal indefinite accusative singular of salur indefinite dative singular of salur == Indonesian == === Etymology === From Dutch zaal, from Middle Dutch sale, from Old Dutch sala, from Proto-West Germanic *sali, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, from Proto-Indo-European *sol-, *sel- (“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate of Afrikaans saal (“hall, large room”). === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈsal/ [ˈsal] Rhymes: -al Syllabification: sal === Noun === sal (plural sal-sal) a large room, hall (healthcare, medicine) ward ==== Synonyms ==== bangsal === Further reading === “sal”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Interlingua == === Noun === sal (plural sales) salt (substance consisting of positive and negative ions) ==== Related terms ==== salin == Irish == === Noun === sal f (genitive singular saile) or sal m (genitive singular sail) alternative form of sail (“dirt; stain”) ==== Declension ==== As masculine first-declension noun: As feminine second-declension noun: === Mutation === == Istriot == === Etymology === From Latin salem. === Noun === sal ? salt == Kabuverdianu == === Etymology === Inherited from Portuguese sal, from Old Galician-Portuguese sal, from Latin salem. Cognate with Guinea-Bissau Creole sal. === Noun === sal salt === Proper noun === sal (Sal) Sal One of the ten islands of Cape Verde == Karaim == === Etymology === From Proto-Turkic *sāl. === Noun === sal raft === References === N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “sal”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN == Latin == === Etymology === From Proto-Italic *sāls, from Proto-Indo-European *sḗh₂l. The contrast between long ā in the nominative singular and short a in the oblique forms has been interpreted as an archaic ablaut pattern that may be paralleled by pār-paris, mās-maris, and lār-laris. Cognates include Latvian sāls, Old Armenian աղ (ał), Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls), Tocharian A sāle, Old English sealt (English salt), Proto-Slavic *solь and borrowed into Etruscan 𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄 (alśase). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈsaːɫ] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈsal] There is only limited attestation of the length of the vowel in the nominative singular: one line in Statius and one in Ausonius. The grammarian Priscian describes sal as containing a short vowel, whereas it is later described as long by the anonymous author of the Ars Bernensis and by Rabanus Maurus. === Noun === sāl m or n (genitive salis); third declension salt cum grānō salis ― with a grain of salt (figurative) wit (poetic) brine, salt water, the sea ==== Usage notes ==== Occasionally neuter in the singular: this affects the form of the accusative case (sāl when neuter, salem when masculine) and the agreement of associated adjectives and pronouns. The neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular form can alternatively be sale, e.g. in Ennius Ann. 385 and Varro d. Non. 223, 17. In the nominative and accusative plural, the word is found only in the masculine gender, with the form salēs. ==== Declension ==== Third-declension noun. ==== Derived terms ==== salō salīnum salio sāl petrae (stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation) ==== Descendants ==== === References === === Further reading === “sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “sal”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. == Malay == === Etymology === Apheretic form of asal. === Adverb === sal (colloquial) alternative form of apa pasal == Maltese == === Etymology === Inherited from Arabic صَالَ (ṣāla). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /saːl/ Rhymes: -aːl === Verb === sal (imperfect jsul, past participle misul) to rear up ==== Conjugation ==== == Middle Dutch == === Verb === sal first/third-person singular present indicative of sullen == Mizo == === Etymology === From Proto-Kuki-Chin *sal. === Noun === sal slave, captive men or boys in a household ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “sal”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society == Northern Kurdish == === Etymology === From Proto-Iranian *carHdáh. May have developped under the influence of Persian سال, as it may be in other Iranic languages, since it occurs as derived from *serd in more isolated Northwest Iranic languages, compare Zazaki serre, Parthian [Term?] (/⁠sarδ⁠/) and also Northern Kurdish sere, navsere. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɑːl/ === Noun === sal f year == Norwegian Bokmål == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɑːl/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Danish sal, from Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *salą. ==== Noun ==== sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural saler, definite plural salene) hall (large room in which parties, meetings etc. are held) ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Old Norse sǫðull, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz. The inherited Danish spelling is sadel (now partially displaced). The spelling sal was reinforced by Nynorsk (see below), but the according pronunciation must have been common already in Dano-Norwegian and, in fact, was formerly not unknown in Denmark itself. ==== Noun ==== sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural saler, definite plural salene) saddle (implement placed on an animal; but not usually on a two-wheeler, for which sete) (geology, mathematics) saddle (anticline) (music) saddle (on a stringed instrument) ===== Alternative forms ===== sadel (less common in the literal sense, but predominant in figurative senses) ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== sal singular imperative of sale (“to saddle”) === Etymology 4 === Borrowed from Norwegian Nynorsk sal. ==== Noun ==== sal n (definite singular salet, indefinite plural sal, definite plural sala or salene) form removed with the spelling reform of 1981; superseded by salg (“sale”) === References === “sal” in The Bokmål Dictionary. “sal” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB). == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɑːl/ === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz. ==== Noun ==== sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural salar, definite plural salane) a large room in which parties and meetings and similar are held; a hall ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Old Norse sǫðull, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz. ==== Noun ==== sal m (definite singular salen, indefinite plural salar, definite plural salane) a saddle ===== Related terms ===== sala, sale === Etymology 3 === From Old Norse sal (“payment”). ==== Noun ==== sal n (definite singular salet, indefinite plural sal, definite plural sala) a sale ===== Related terms ===== selja, selje marknad === References === “sal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. === Anagrams === als-, las, sla == Old English == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *sail, from Proto-Germanic *sailą (“rope”). Cognate with Old Saxon sēl (Dutch zeel), Old High German seil (German Seil). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɑːl/ Rhymes: -ɑːl === Noun === sāl m rope, cord, rein ==== Declension ==== Strong a-stem: ==== Descendants ==== Middle English: sal, sole, soole Scots: sale, saill, saile, seill, seale English: sole == Old Galician-Portuguese == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin salem. Cognate with Old Spanish sal f and Old French sel m. === Noun === sal m (plural sales) salt ==== Descendants ==== Galician: sal m Portuguese: sal m (see there for further descendants) === Further reading === Universo Cantigas - "sal" == Old Irish == === Etymology === From Proto-Celtic *salā. === Noun === sal f (genitive saile) dirt filth, stain c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92d12 ==== Inflection ==== ==== Related terms ==== salach ==== Descendants ==== Irish: sail Scottish Gaelic: sal === Mutation === === References === === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Old Norse == === Noun === sal accusative/dative singular of salr == Old Spanish == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin salem m. Cognate with Old Galician-Portuguese sal m and Old French sel m. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsal/ === Noun === sal f (plural sales) salt ==== Related terms ==== salado salgadumbre salgadura ==== Descendants ==== Spanish: sal f (see there for further descendants) == Piedmontese == === Etymology === From Latin salem. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sal/ === Noun === sal m or f salt == Portuguese == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw Hyphenation: sal === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sal, from Latin salem (“salt, wit”). Compare Galician sal. ==== Noun ==== sal m (plural sais) salt (sodium chloride, a substance used as a condiment and preservative) Synonyms: cloreto de sódio, sal de cozinha (chemistry) salt (any compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base) (usually in the plural) bath salt (any of several inorganic salts sometimes added to bath water) Synonym: sal de banho (figurative) wit; the quality of being engaging Synonym: graça ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== sal m (plural sais) (rare) sal (Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree) === Further reading === “sal”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “sal”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Rohingya == === Alternative forms === 𐴏𐴝𐴓𐴢 (sal) — Hanifi Rohingya script === Noun === sal (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴓𐴢) roof == Romanian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شال (Turkish şal, from Persian شال (šâl). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sal/ ==== Noun ==== sal n (plural saluri) (rare) shawl, scarf Synonym: șal ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Shortened form of salut. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sa(ː)l/ ==== Interjection ==== sal! (informal) hey! Synonym: salut (informal) bye! Synonyms: salut, pa == Romansh == === Alternative forms === sel (Puter) === Etymology === From Latin salem. === Noun === sal m (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) salt == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsal/ [ˈsal] Rhymes: -al Syllabification: sal === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Spanish sal, from Latin salem (compare Catalan sal f, French sel m, Italian sale m, Portuguese sal m, Romanian sare f; also English salt). It is not known how the noun became feminine. ==== Noun ==== sal f (plural sales) salt; table salt Synonyms: sal común, sal de mesa (chemistry) salt (Central America, Mexico, Dominican Republic, colloquial) bad luck, misfortune ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → Navajo: sáál Papiamentu: salu → Ye'kwana: saayu === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== sal second-person singular imperative of salir ==== Usage notes ==== When the pronoun le is added to this verb, the most accurate result is morphologically salle, with a pronunciation of /ˈsal.le/. However, the Royal Spanish Academy considers this usage incorrect in written language because the digraph "ll" usually represents a palatal consonant such as /ʝ/, /ʎ/, /j/, or in Argentina and Uruguay, /ʃ/ or /ʒ/ and it would be read with a palatal consonant, being correct only in spoken language. Orthographically, there is no correct form of the second-person singular imperative of this verb with the pronoun le. The plural salles is included. === Further reading === “sal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Sumerian == === Romanization === sal romanization of 𒊩 (sal) == Swedish == === Etymology === From Old Norse salr, from Proto-Germanic *saliz, from Proto-Indo-European *sol-, *sel-. === Pronunciation === === Noun === sal c a large room, a hall (often for more-or-less public activities) ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== hörsal läsesal matsal === References === “sal”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “sal”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “sal”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) === Anagrams === als == Tat == === Etymology === Cognate with Persian سال (sāl). === Noun === sal year == Tocharian B == === Adjective === sal dirty == Turkish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɑɫ/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Ottoman Turkish صال (sal, “raft; wine press”), from Proto-Turkic *sāl (“raft”). Cognate with Kazakh сал (sal). ==== Noun ==== sal (definite accusative salı, plural sallar) raft synonym of tabut ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Further reading ==== “sal”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “sal”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “sal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== sal second-person singular imperative of salmak == Venetan == === Alternative forms === sale, sałe === Etymology === From Latin salem. === Noun === sal m (plural sałi) salt (sodium chloride, non-chemical usage) === Noun === sal m (plural sali) (chemistry) salt == Volapük == === Noun === sal (genitive sala, plural sals) salt ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “sal”, in Vödabuk (in English, Esperanto, and Volapük)