gdyby

== Lower Sorbian == === Etymology === Univerbation of gdyž (“if”) +‎ by (“would”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdɨ.bɨ/ Rhymes: -ɨbɨ Syllabification: gdy‧by === Verb === gdyby (defective, invariable) if…would == Old Polish == === Etymology === From gdy + -by. First attested in 1418. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɡdibi/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɡdibi/ === Conjunction === gdyby (attested in Greater Poland) introduces an unreal conditional; if The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: to, so that, in order to ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: gdyby Silesian: gdyby === References === Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “gdyby”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “gdyby”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish gdyby. By surface analysis, gdy +‎ -by. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɘbɘ Syllabification: gdy‧by === Conjunction === gdyby introduces an unreal conditional; if Near-synonyms: jakby, jeśliby, jeżeliby, żeby Gdybym miał więcej pieniędzy, kupiłbym nowy samochód. ― If I had more money, I would buy a new car. Byłoby nam cieplej, gdybyś nie otworzył okna! ― We would be warmer if you hadn’t opened the window! Gdybym był wiedział, że się przewrócę, to bym usiadł. ― If I had known that I would fall over, I would have sat down. used to introduce a polite suggestion; what if (originally Northern Borderlands, Lithuania, now standard) expresses optative meaning; if only Near-synonym: żeby (Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Mały Komorsk, Central Greater Poland, Września, Southern Greater Poland, Rawicz, Pakosław, Masovian Borderland, Głowaczów, Brzóza, Northern Borderlands, Lithuania) synonym of niby (Masovian Borderland, Przytyk, Bukówno, Młodynie Górne) synonym of aniżeli (Central Greater Poland, Kościan) synonym of czy / czyby (obsolete) synonym of jakby ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), gdyby is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 25 times in scientific texts, 1 time in news, 27 times in essays, 67 times in fiction, and 103 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 223 times, making it the 248th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “gdyby”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “gdyby”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[6] (in Polish) Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “gdyby”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “GDYBY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 14 January 2008 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “gdyby”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “gdyby”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gdyby”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 814 Jan Karłowicz (1901), “gdyby”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 65 gdyby in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish gdyby. By surface analysis, gdy +‎ -by. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡdɪ.bɪ/ Rhymes: -ɪbɪ Syllabification: gdy‧by === Conjunction === gdyby introduces an unreal conditional; if ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === gdyby in silling.org