chop

== English == === Pronunciation === (UK) enPR: chŏp, IPA(key): /t͡ʃɒp/ (US) IPA(key): /t͡ʃɑp/ Hyphenation: chop Rhymes: -ɒp === Etymology 1 === From Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, or a variant of chap (“to become cracked”). Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare also Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip. ==== Noun ==== chop (countable and uncountable, plural chops) A cut of meat, often containing a section of a rib. A blow with an axe, cleaver, or similar implement. (martial arts) A blow delivered with the hand rigid and outstretched. Ocean waves, generally caused by wind, distinguished from swell by being smaller and not lasting as long. (poker) A hand where two or more players have an equal-valued hand, resulting in the chips being shared equally between them. (informal, with "the") Termination, especially from employment; the sack. (Australia, New Zealand) A woodchopping competition. (dated) A crack or cleft; a chap. (uncountable) Aircraft turbulence. (UK, slang) Cocaine. (MLE, slang) A knife, especially one used as a weapon. Synonyms: chete, jook, jooker, ching, ying, rambo, poker, pokey, bassy, shank, nank, splash, splasher, cheffer, cutter ===== Quotations ===== For quotations using this term, see Citations:chop. ===== Synonyms ===== (dismissal, especially from employment (informal)): axe, pink slip, sack ===== Descendants ===== → Japanese: チョップ ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped) (transitive) To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions. (transitive) To sever with an axe or similar implement. (transitive, figurative) To separate or divide. (transitive) to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand. (transitive, baseball) To hit the ball downward so that it takes a high bounce. (poker) To divide the pot (or tournament prize) between two or more players. (Can we add an example for this sense?) (intransitive) To make a quick, heavy stroke or a series of strokes, with or as with an ax. (intransitive) To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize. (intransitive) To interrupt; with in or out. (transitive, Hong Kong) To stab. (computing, transitive, Perl) To remove the final character from (a text string). Coordinate term: chomp (slang, transitive) To manipulate or separate out a line of cocaine. (slang, transitive) To have sex with. ===== Translations ===== ==== Derived terms ==== === Etymology 2 === Uncertain, perhaps a variant of chap (“cheap”). Compare Middle English copen (“to buy”), Dutch kopen (“to buy”). ==== Verb ==== chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped) (obsolete) To exchange, to barter; to swap. To chap or crack. (nautical) To vary or shift suddenly. (obsolete) To twist words. To converse, discuss, or speak with another. ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Noun ==== chop (plural chops) A turn of fortune; change; a vicissitude. ===== Derived terms ===== chop and change chops and changes === Etymology 3 === From Middle English choppe (“jaw, jawbone”), related to Middle English cheppe (“one side of the jaw, chap”). Perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above. ==== Alternative forms ==== chap ==== Noun ==== chop (plural chops) (chiefly in the plural) A jaw of an animal. A movable jaw or cheek, as of a vice. The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbour, or channel. East Chop West Chop ===== Derived terms ===== chops ==== References ==== “chop”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN. “chops”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN. === Etymology 4 === Borrowed from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Closely related to the similarly descended Malay word cap, which likely reinforced the English usage within the Malay world. ==== Alternative forms ==== chap, chapp, chope (obsolete) ==== Noun ==== chop (plural chops) (colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) A stamp or seal; a mark, imprint or impression on a document (or other object or material) made by stamping or sealing a design with ink or wax, respectively, or by other methods. [from 19th c.] (colloquial, by extension, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) The device used for stamping or sealing, which also contains the design to be imprinted. A mark indicating nature, quality, or brand. silk of the first chop A licence or passport that has been sealed. A complete shipment. a chop of tea ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → Cantonese: chop (cop1) → Macanese: chop ==== Verb ==== chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped) (transitive, colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) To stamp or seal (a document); to mark, impress or otherwise place a design or symbol on paper or other material, usually, but not necessarily, to indicate authenticity. [from 19th c.] To seal a licence or passport. ===== Derived terms ===== chop dollar grand chop not much chop ==== References ==== Lisa Lim (28 July 2016), “Where does the word 'chop' come from?”, in South China Morning Post‎[1] === Etymology 5 === Shortening. ==== Noun ==== chop (plural chops) (Internet) An IRC channel operator. ===== Synonyms ===== chanop op === Etymology 6 === Shortening of chopper. ==== Verb ==== chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped) (informal) To fly a helicopter or be flown in a helicopter. === See also === chop chop, chop-chop-chop chop suey == Achang == === Etymology === From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(C)rup. === Pronunciation === (Myanmar) /tʃʰɔp˧/ (Longchuan) [xʐop⁵⁵] (Luxi) [tsʰɔp⁵⁵] (Xiandao) [cʰup⁵⁵] === Verb === chop to sew === Further reading === Inglis, Douglas; Sampu, Nasaw; Jaseng, Wilai; Jana, Thocha (2005), A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon‎[2], Payap University, page 18 == Chinese == === Alternative forms === 戳 === Etymology === From English chop. === Pronunciation === === Noun === chop (Hong Kong Cantonese) chop (stamp; seal) (Classifier: 個／个 c) 郵chop／邮chop [Cantonese] ― jau4 cop1 [Jyutping] ― postal seal === Verb === chop (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stamp; to seal == Macanese == === Alternative forms === (possibly dated) chope === Etymology === Borrowed from English chop, ultimately from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Most likely also influenced by Cantonese chop. Sense 2 derives from the absent professor being recorded with a stamp, i.e. a chop, in a register. === Noun === chop official licence (slang) an absent professor or teacher ==== Usage notes ==== The examples for sense 2 are in Portuguese; the Macanese equivalents would roughly be Hoze nôs têm chop di matemática and Dr. F. (já) dâ chop respectively. === References === Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988), “chope”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 404 www.macaneselibrary.org‎[3], 24 August 2024 (last accessed) == Nigerian Pidgin == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Verb === chop eat spend == Polish == === Pronunciation === (Lesser Poland): (Lasovia) IPA(key): [ˈxɔp] === Noun === chop m pers (Lasovia, Zawichost) alternative form of chłop (“man, male person”) === Further reading === Jan Karłowicz (1900), “chłop”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 185 == Silesian == === Alternative forms === chłop (Southern Silesian) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish chłop. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈxɔp/ Rhymes: -ɔp Syllabification: chop === Noun === chop m pers man, male husband Synonym: mōnż snowman Synonym: śniygulŏk ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === chop_chlop in dykcjonorz.eu chop in silling.org Bogdan Kallus (2020), “chop”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 260 Aleksandra Wencel (2023), “chop”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 114 Barbara Podgórska; Adam Podgóski (2008), “chop”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian dialects] (in Polish), Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 55