animus

== English == === Etymology === Learned borrowing from Latin animus (“the mind, in a great variety of meanings: the rational soul in man, intellect, consciousness, will, intention, courage, spirit, sensibility, feeling, passion, pride, vehemence, wrath, etc., the breath, life, soul”), from Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁mos, from *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”). Closely related to Latin anima, which is a feminine form. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈæ.nɪ.məs/ Rhymes: -ænɪməs Homophone: animous Hyphenation: a‧ni‧mus === Noun === animus (usually uncountable, plural animuses) The basic impulses and instincts which govern one's actions. A feeling of enmity, animosity or ill will. Synonym: bad blood (law) Intention, motivation (of a legal person). (Jungian psychology) The masculine aspect of the feminine psyche or personality. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Translations ==== ==== Further reading ==== “animus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “animus”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. === Anagrams === Anusim, aumins, Musina, Usmani, Sumain, amusin', A minus, sunami, munias == Esperanto == === Verb === animus conditional of animi == Latin == === Etymology === From Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁mos, a nominal derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- + *-mos, in which the root means "to breathe". Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind, breeze”), Old Armenian հողմ (hołm, “wind”), Old Frisian omma (“breath”), English onde (“breath”) (dialectal), Norwegian Nynorsk ande (“breath”), and possibly Sanskrit अनिल (ánila, “air, wind”); compare also Tocharian B āñme (“self; soul”) and Old Armenian անձն (anjn, “person”). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈa.nɪ.mʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈaː.ni.mus] === Noun === animus m (genitive animī); second declension life, life force, soul, vitality (that life-giving aspect which animates a thing) Synonyms: lux, vīta bono animo esse ― to be sure, to be confident conscience, intellect, mind, reason, sensibility, understanding (the intellectual dimension of the human mind in general; the seat of the rational and other thoughts a person experiences) Synonyms: cōnscientia, intellēctus, mēns animum adicio ― I address my mind to heart, mind, spirit (the affective dimension of the human mind in general; the seat of the emotions and feelings a person experiences) Synonyms: anima, cor, spīritus affect, emotion, feeling, impulse, passion (the essence of that which is situated within the affective mind) Synonyms: adfectus, affectus, sēnsus, spōns movere animum alicuius ― to affect or impress someone’s mind (for example, enrage him) certain particular emotional aspects of one's affective makeup: affection; aggression; courage; pride; will (“firmity or fixity of purpose”), determination, firmness, resoluteness, resolve; wrath, anger, ire Synonyms: spīritus, fortitūdō, fīdūcia, virtūs motive, motivation, reason (any intellectually or emotionally based incentive to act in a particular manner) Synonym: mōtīvum (Late Latin) aim, aspiration, design, idea, intent, intention, plan, purpose, resolution (that which exists in the mind as a formulation, and causes a subject to act or to behave in a particular manner) Synonyms: cōnsilium, intentiō, mēns, propositum, fīnis, resolūtiō, voluntās late 2nd century BCE, Lucius Accius (fragment): (metonymic) disposition, inclination, nature, temperament (the inherent emotional disposition of a human being, by extension of the affective dimension) Synonyms: mōs, dispositiō, inclīnātiō, temperamentum affect, mood, temper (the instant mental state of a human being) (colloquial, metonymic) beloved. dearest, heart, soul (as a term of endearment) (in the plural) bravado, elation, high spirits adicere/facere animos alicui ― to boost someone's spirits ==== Usage notes ==== Latin animus has a broad and disparate semantic field of apparent incongruity. At its most basic, animus means "that which animates" a thing, making that thing alive and/or causing it to act and behave in a particular way. It is this meaning which ties the disparate senses of animus together and renders them commensurate. Subsumed under this basic meaning are: the power which renders life itself; the mind, both rational (the intellect) and emotional (the affect); individual rational thoughts (products of the intellect); emotions (products of the affect, both generally and specifically); motivations with both internal and external etiologies; the purposes and intentions which derive from thoughts and emotions; general dispositions; and instantaneous mental states. ==== Declension ==== Second-declension noun, with locative. Locative used in the sense "in spirit" or "at heart". ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== anima animō ==== Descendants ==== → Catalan: ànim → English: animus → Italian: animo → Dutch: animo → Portuguese: animus, ânimo → Sicilian: ànimu → Spanish: ánimo === References === “animus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press animus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication “animus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “animus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. animus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016 == Portuguese == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin animus (“the soul, thoughts, intellect, ideas, will, thoughts, courage, etc.; the breath, life”), closely related to anima (“air, breath, spirit, life force”). From Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁mos, from *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”). Doublet of ânimo. === Noun === animus m (uncountable) (Jungian psychology) animus (the masculine aspect of the feminine psyche or personality) ==== Related terms ==== anima === Further reading === “animus”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026