-ette

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɛt/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Middle English -ette, a borrowing from Old French -ette, from Latin -itta, the feminine form of Latin -ittus. ==== Suffix ==== -ette (diminutive) Used to form nouns meaning a smaller form of something. Synonyms: (suffixes) -cule, -ee, -el, -et, -icle, -ie, -kin, -le, -let, -ling, -ole, -ule, -y, (prefixes) mini-, micro-, nano- ‎cigar + ‎-ette → ‎cigarette ‎disk + ‎-ette → ‎diskette ‎kitchen + ‎-ette → ‎kitchenette Used to form nouns meaning or implying the female equivalent of. ‎bachelor + ‎-ette → ‎bachelorette ‎drum major + ‎-ette → ‎drum majorette ‎ranger + ‎-ette → ‎Rangerette ‎smurf + ‎-ette → ‎Smurfette Used to form nouns meaning an imitation or substitute of something. ‎leather + ‎-ette → ‎leatherette (Polari) Used to form nouns with a Polari context or an association with gay subculture. ===== Synonyms ===== (diminutive affix): mini-, micro-, nano-, -ee, -y, -icle/-cule/-ule/-ole (female affix): -a, -ess, -ine, -ress, she-, -trix ===== Antonyms ===== (antonym(s) of “diminutive”): super-, supra-, hyper-, ultra-, uber-, macro-, arch-, over-, mega-, giga-, -zilla, grand, great (antonym(s) of “female affix”): he- ===== Derived terms ===== ==== See also ==== === Etymology 2 === Back-formation from brunette. ==== Suffix ==== -ette (chiefly fan fiction) Used to form nouns meaning a person (especially a woman) with a specific hair color. ‎purple + ‎-ette → ‎purplette ‎raven + ‎-ette → ‎ravenette ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== === Anagrams === teet == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɛt/ === Suffix === -ette f (masculine -et) female equivalent of -et, diminutive suffix ‎jupe f + ‎-ette → ‎jupette ‎maison f + ‎-ette → ‎maisonnette ‎vache f + ‎-ette → ‎vachette forming female equivalents ‎gnome m + ‎-ette → ‎gnomette ‎Henri m + ‎-ette → ‎Henriette ‎lévrier m + ‎-ette → ‎levrette ==== Derived terms ==== == Hungarian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ɛtːɛ] === Etymology 1 === From -ett (past-tense suffix) +‎ -e (third-person singular suffix). ==== Suffix ==== -ette (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person singular past tense of verbs (definite conjugation). ‎szerkeszt (“to edit”) + ‎-ette → ‎szerkesztette (“he/she (has/had) edited it”) ‎vetít (“to project”) + ‎-ette → ‎vetítette (“he/she (has/had) projected it”) ‎vet (“to sow”) + ‎-ette → ‎vetette (“he/she (has/had) sowed/sown it”) (verbal-participle suffix) Forms the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun. jelent (“to present”) → [kalózok] jelentette [veszély] (“[the danger] presented by [pirates]”, literally “pirates-presented danger”) ===== Usage notes ===== (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants: -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs -te is added to most front-vowel verbs -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (hí, rí, szí; ó, ró; fú) -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (lő, nő, sző; nyű) -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát) -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet) -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt) (noun-forming suffix) Variants: -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs -te is added to most front-vowel verbs -tte is added to front-vowel verbs that originally ended in a vowel (like jön, originally jő) -ata is added to back-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like hall) -ete is added to front-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like kell) === Etymology 2 === From -et (causative suffix) +‎ -t (past-tense suffix) +‎ -e (third-person singular suffix). ==== Suffix ==== -ette (past-tense causative suffix) Forms the third-person singular causative past tense of verbs (definite conjugation), used with -val/-vel, e.g. vele, velük etc., otherwise coinciding with the above forms. ‎fest (“to paint”) + ‎-ette → ‎festette (“he/she/it had someone paint (it/them)”) ‎megért (“to understand”) + ‎-ette → ‎megértette (“he/she/it made someone understand (it/them)”) Megértette velük, hogy nem tehetnek ilyet. ― She made them understand that they couldn't do such a thing. ‎szerkeszt (“to edit”) + ‎-ette → ‎szerkesztette (“he/she had someone edit (it/them)”) Velünk szerkesztette az újságját. ― He had us edit his newspaper. ===== Usage notes ===== Homonymy exists between regular and causative past tense forms of consonant + t types of front-vowel verbs, in all the six persons, both with definite and indefinite endings, except for the third-person singular indefinite form (-ettem, -ettél, –, -ettünk, -ettetek, -ettek; -ettem, -etted, -ette, -ettük, -ettétek, -ették; -ettelek). On the other hand, other types of front-vowel verbs as well as back-vowel verbs take different forms for the regular and the causative past tense (e.g. -ottam and -attam, e.g. ugrottam and ugrattam among similar back-vowel verbs, other front-vowel verb types having clearly distinct forms: kértem vs. kérettem, kerestem vs. kerestettem). However, the -val/-vel argument is compulsory with the causative sense, so it makes the distinction easier (e.g. megértettem velük a különbséget – “I made them understand the difference”). === Etymology 3 === ==== Suffix ==== -ette (obsolete) synonym of -ve (adverbial participle), approx. a- (as in asleep, awake, alive etc.); it was possible to add a personal suffix afterwards ‎émik (“to wake up, to be/keep awake”) + ‎-ette → ‎émette, imette, émetten, imetten, émett, imett, ímett (“awake”, literally “keeping awake”) ‎beszél (“to speak”) + ‎-ette → ‎beszélette (“while speaking”) ‎éhezik (“to starve”) + ‎-ette → ‎éhezette (“while starving”) ‎él (“to live”) + ‎-ette → ‎élette (“(while) alive”) ‎elmegy (“to go away, leave”) + ‎-ette → ‎elmenette (“on leaving”) ‎felkel (“to get up, to rise”) + ‎-ette → ‎felkelette (“while/on getting up”) ‎jön (“to come”) + ‎-ette → ‎jövette (“on coming”) ‎ül (“to sit”) + ‎-ette → ‎ülette (“while sitting”) ===== Usage notes ===== Variants: -atta was added to most back-vowel verbs -ette was added to most front-vowel verbs -ta was added to certain back-vowel verbs (e.g. haragszik (haragudni) → haragudta) -te was added to certain front-vowel verbs (e.g. nevet → nevette, tesz → tette) === See also === Category:Hungarian verb forms Appendix:Hungarian suffixes === Further reading === Károly, Sándor. Az istenadta-féle szerkezetek személyragos tagjának szófaji jellegéről (“On the part of speech of the personal-suffixed elements of istenadta [‘God-given’]-like structures”). In: Nyelvtudományi Közlemények (“Linguistic Publications”), vol. 59 (1957), pp. 130–150. Simonyi, Zsigmond. Isten-adta (“God-given”). In: Magyar Nyelvőr (“Hungarian Language Guardian”), vol. XXXVI (1907), pp. 16–35 in the offprint (issue 5, May 15 in the original, pp. 193–205, 264–271). == Italian == === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈet.te/ Rhymes: -ette Hyphenation: -ét‧te ==== Suffix ==== -ette used with a stem to form the third-person singular past historic of regular -ere verbs. Synonym: -é === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈet.te/ Rhymes: -ette Hyphenation: -ét‧te ==== Suffix ==== -ette feminine plural of -etto == Middle French == === Etymology === Inherited from Old French -ete. === Suffix === -ette female equivalent of -et ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== French: -ette == Old English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /et.te/ === Suffix === -ette inflection of -ettan: first-person singular present/preterite indicative third-person singular preterite indicative singular present/preterite subjunctive == Old French == === Suffix === -ette (late Old French, Old Northern French) alternative form of -ete