werk

== English == === Etymology === The LGBT slang usage is very recent and in essence an orthographical variant. It is independent from the far older and long-obsolete alternative form which derived directly from Middle English werk (noun) and werken (verb). === Verb === werk (third-person singular simple present werks, present participle werking, simple past and past participle werked) (obsolete) Alternative form of work. (LGBTQ slang or eye dialect) Alternative form of work. Werk it, bitch! === Noun === werk (countable and uncountable, plural werks) (obsolete) Alternative form of work. (LGBTQ slang or eye dialect) Alternative form of work. == Afrikaans == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʋɛːrk/ === Etymology 1 === From Dutch werk, from Old Dutch *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom. ==== Noun ==== werk (plural werke, diminutive werkie) work ===== Derived terms ===== werkboek werkdier werktuig werkvloei werkwoord === Etymology 2 === From Dutch werken, from Middle Dutch werken, from Old Dutch wirken, wirkon (“to work, make”), from Proto-Germanic *wirkijaną (“to work, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-, *wreǵ- (“to work, act”). ==== Verb ==== werk (present werk, present participle werkende, past participle gewerk) work ===== Related terms ===== werker == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʋɛrk/ Hyphenation: werk Rhymes: -ɛrk === Etymology 1 === From Middle Dutch werc, from Old Dutch *werk, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom. ==== Noun ==== werk n (plural werken, diminutive werkje n) work, labor Synonym: arbeid Dit gaat veel werk vereisen. ― This will require much work. De werken van Herakles zijn wereldberoemd. ― The labors of Heracles are world-famous. profession, job, employment, line of work Hij is trots op zijn nieuwe werk als leraar. ― He is proud of his new profession as a teacher. Na jaren hetzelfde werk te hebben gedaan, besloot ze een carrièreswitch te maken. ― After working in the same job for years, she decided to make a career switch. Zij is op zoek naar werk in de IT-sector. ― She is looking for employment in the IT sector. workplace Op mijn werk werkt de airco zelden. ― The air conditioning seldom works at my workplace. product, creation; production, output, result of work De dichterlijke werken van Homerus vormen de basis van de Oudgriekse literatuur. ― The poetic works of Homer form the basis of Ancient Greek literature. De kunstenaar heeft veel werken tentoongesteld in de galerij. ― The artist has exhibited many works in the gallery. (dialectal) tow, oakum Synonym: hede ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== werken ===== Descendants ===== Afrikaans: werk → Tswana: bereke → Yeyi: bbérìk-á Negerhollands: werk, wark Skepi Creole Dutch: wark → Indonesian: werek → Saramaccan: wéíki === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== werk inflection of werken: first-person singular present indicative (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative imperative == Middle English == === Alternative forms === weork, werc, werch, werck, wirk werrc, weorrc (Ormulum); warc, wark, warke, werke, wirche, wirke, wyrk (especially Late Middle English) worc, worch, work, wurch (chiefly Essex, Gloucestershire, Southern) === Etymology === From Old English weorc, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom; compare worchen. Forms with /u/ are originally due to the late West Saxon Old English change of /we͜or/ to /wyr/ (which then develops further to /wur/), but are reinforced by the influence of worchen. The influence of that verb and its alternative forms also explains occasional forms with /i/ or /t͡ʃ/. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /wɛrk/, (Late Middle English) /wark/ IPA(key): /wurk/ (mainly Essex, Gloucestershire, Southern) IPA(key): /wirk/, /wɛrt͡ʃ/, /wirt͡ʃ/, /wurt͡ʃ/ (uncommon) === Noun === werk (plural werkes) An action or deed; something accomplished or done: A task, duty, or service; an assigned action. (rare) A function or purpose; an appropriate act. A product or creation; the result of work: Adornment, detail; that which decorates. A building or structure; something constructed. A work of literature, music, or scholarship. (alchemy or occult) A method, skill, or technique. Effort or activity (whether physical or mental): 1422, James Yonge (translator), Secretum Secretorum: One's job or occupation; what one does for a living. Maintenance, upkeep; keeping in good condition. Manufacture or craftsmanship; means of construction. Trouble, difficulty. ==== Related terms ==== hondwerk hondywerk ==== Descendants ==== English: work Geordie: wark Middle Scots: wark, werk, work Scots: wark Yola: woork ==== References ==== “werk, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. “work, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000. McIntosh, Angus; Samuels, M[ichael] L.; Benskin, Michael (2013) [1986], Michael Benskin, Margaret Laing, editors, eLALME: A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English‎[1], Edinburgh: Angus McIntosh Centre for Historical Linguistics; revised November 2024. Jordan, Richard (1974), Eugene Crook, transl., Handbook of the Middle English Grammar: Phonology (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 218)‎[2], The Hague: Mouton & Co. N.V., →DOI. == North Frisian == === Etymology === From Old Frisian werk, wirk, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką (“work”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom (“work”), from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to make”). === Noun === werk (Föhr-Amrum) work == Old Saxon == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *werk, whence also Old High German werc, Old Norse verk. === Noun === werk n work ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle Low German: wark, werk Low German: Wark, Werk Plautdietsch: Woakj == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Werk, from Middle High German wërc, from Old High German werc, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom. Possibly a doublet of wiersza (“fishing basket”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɛrk/ Rhymes: -ɛrk Syllabification: werk === Noun === werk m inan (colloquial) clockwork Synonym: mechanizm zegarka (engineering, obsolete) mechanism Synonym: mechanizm (cinematography) photo documenting the film set Hypernym: zdjęcie ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “werk”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish) == Scots == === Noun === werk (plural werkis) obsolete form of wirk (“work”) === References === “wirk”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.