wꜣ

== Egyptian == === Pronunciation === (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /wɑ/ Conventional anglicization: wa === Etymology 1 === Quack suggests the word developed from wꜣj (“to be far”) via a semantic development ‘be far’ → ‘go astray’ → ‘conspire’, but the differing conjugations argue against it. ==== Verb ==== (intransitive, with n, or transitive) to brood over, to think unpleasant thoughts about [since Middle Kingdom literature] (transitive) to plot (evil), to scheme (intransitive, with m or r) to conspire against, to harbor evil thoughts toward (someone) ===== Inflection ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Noun ==== m The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: conspiracy, disloyalty (+ direct genitive, n, or r: against) curse (+ direct genitive, n, or r: upon) ===== Usage notes ===== Quack doubts the existence of this word, and instead attributes its apparent uses to forms of the verb wꜣj (“to be far from”). ===== Alternative forms ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== m cord, rope (in the plural) draw-rope to pull a net shut [Book of the Dead] (in the plural) rope fetters [Book of the Dead] a cord used in the temple foundation ceremony [Greco-Roman Period] ===== Inflection ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === ==== Verb ==== (intransitive) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: [Pyramid Texts] to resist to fight ===== Usage notes ===== This word only occurs in spell PT 254 of the Pyramid Texts. Allen instead inteprets it as a noun meaning ‘guard’, but see Shmakov’s discussion preferring a verbal meaning. === References === “wꜣ (lemma ID 42420)”, “wꜣ (lemma ID 42380)”, and “wꜣ (lemma ID 42390)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎[3], Corpus issue 20, Web app version 2.5.0, ed. by Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning […] and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils […], 2004–23 April 2026 Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926), Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎[4], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 244.1–244.3, 244.6, 244.10–244.13, 246.14–246.16 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 52 James P[eter] Allen (2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 316.