turn

== English == === Pronunciation === (UK) (Received Pronunciation) enPR: tûrn, IPA(key): /tɜːn/ (Northumbria) IPA(key): /tɔːn/ (General American) enPR: tûrn, IPA(key): /tɜɹn/ Homophones: tern, tarn Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n === Etymology 1 === From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”), from Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”) (also the source of German turnen and its derivatives) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms. ==== Verb ==== turn (third-person singular simple present turns, present participle turning, simple past and past participle turned or (obsolete) turnt) To make a non-linear physical movement. (intransitive, of a body, person, etc) To move about an axis through itself. (transitive) To change the direction or orientation of, especially by rotation. (intransitive) To change one's direction of travel. (transitive) To shape (something) symmetrically by rotating it against a stationary cutting tool, as on a lathe. (by extension) To give form to; to shape or mould; to adapt. (transitive) To direct or impel (something) into a place. (transitive) To position (something) by folding it, or using its folds. (transitive, figuratively) To navigate through a book or other printed material. (transitive) To twist or sprain. (transitive, cricket) Of a bowler, to make (the ball) move sideways off the pitch when it bounces. (intransitive, cricket) Of a ball, to move sideways off the pitch when it bounces. (intransitive or transitive) To change condition or attitude. (copulative) To become (often used with colors, clear sudden changes, weather and ages). Near-synonyms: become, get, go, come, fall, grow, wax (intransitive) To change the color of the leaves in the autumn. To change fundamentally; to metamorphose. (intransitive) To sour or spoil; to go bad. (transitive) To make acid or sour; to ferment; to curdle. (transitive, fantasy) To change (a person) into a vampire, werewolf, zombie, etc. (intransitive, fantasy) To transform into a vampire, werewolf, zombie, etc. (transitive, slang, sometimes offensive) To change the sexual orientation or gender of another person, or otherwise awaken a sexual preference. To hinge; to depend. To rebel; to go against something formerly tolerated. To change personal condition. (professional wrestling) To change personalities, such as from being a face (good guy) to heel (bad guy) or vice versa. (ambitransitive) To make or become giddy; said of the head or brain. To sicken; to nauseate. To be nauseated; said of the stomach. (reflexive) To change one's course of action; to take a new approach. (transitive, usually with over) To complete. (transitive) To make (money); turn a profit. (transitive, soccer) Of a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control. To undergo the process of turning on a lathe. (obstetrics) To bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery. (printing, dated) To invert a type of the same thickness, as a temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted. (archaic) To translate. (transitive, roleplaying games) To magically or divinely repel undead. ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Synonyms ===== (move around an axis through itself): rotate, spin, twirl (change the direction or orientation of): rotate (change one's direction of travel): steer, swerve, tack (nautical) (position (something) by folding it back on itself): (become): become, get, go (rebel): rebel, revolt (shape on a lathe): lathe (go bad): go bad, go off, sour, spoil (complete): complete ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin tornus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn. ==== Noun ==== turn (plural turns) A change of direction or orientation. A movement of an object about its own axis in one direction that continues until the object returns to its initial orientation. (geometry) A unit of plane angle measurement based on this movement. A walk to and fro. Synonym: promenade A chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others. A spell of work, especially the time allotted to a person in a rota or schedule. One's chance to make a move in a game having two or more players. A figure in music, often denoted ~, consisting of the note above the one indicated, the note itself, the note below the one indicated, and the note itself again. The time required to complete a project. Synonym: turnaround The transition from one period or era to another. A fit or a period of giddiness. A change in temperament or circumstance. (cricket) A sideways movement of the ball when it bounces (caused by rotation in flight). (poker) The fourth communal card in Texas hold 'em. (poker, obsolete) The flop (the first three community cards) in Texas hold 'em. A deed done to another; an act of kindness or malice. A single loop of a coil. (rope) A pass behind or through an object. Character; personality; nature. (soccer) An instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control. (circus, theater, especially physical comedy) A short skit, act, or routine. (printing, dated) A type turned upside down to serve for another character that is not available. (UK, finance, historical) The profit made by a stockjobber, being the difference between the buying and selling prices. ===== Synonyms ===== (change of direction or orientation): (movement about an axis returning to the original orientation): 360° turn, complete rotation, complete turn, full rotation, full turn (single loop of a coil): loop (chance to use (something) shared in sequence with others): go (one's chance to make a move in a game): go, move (figure in music): (time required to complete a project): (fit or period of giddiness): dizziness, dizzy spell, giddiness (change in temperament or circumstance): change, swing (sideways movement of a cricket ball): ===== Derived terms ===== See also turning ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → German: Törn → Japanese: ターン (tān) ===== Translations ===== === See also === Appendix:Parts of the knot ornament trill === Anagrams === runt == Finnish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English turn. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtøːn/, [ˈt̪ø̞ːn] Rhymes: -øːn === Noun === turn (poker) turn (fourth communal card in Texas hold'em) ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== neljäs avokortti == Icelandic == === Etymology === From Latin turris (“tower”). Cognate with Danish tårn and German Turm. First appears in the 12th or 13th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tʰʏ(r)t⁽ʰ⁾n/ Rhymes: -ʏrtn === Noun === turn m (genitive singular turns, nominative plural turnar) tower ==== Declension ==== == Middle High German == === Alternative forms === turm, tuorn, torn, torm === Etymology === Inherited from Old High German turn. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈturn/ === Noun === turn m tower ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Alemannic German: Durm, Tuure Bavarian: Tuam Central Franconian: Hunsrik: Torrem Luxembourgish: Tur German: Turm (see there for further descendants) Yiddish: טורעם (turem) → Polish: turma === References === Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “turn”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “turn”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From the verb turne; compare with German Turnen. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /tʉːɳ/ Rhymes: -ʉːɳ === Noun === turn m (indeclinable) (uncountable) gymnastics (an athletic discipline) ==== Related terms ==== gymnastikk turner === References === “turn” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === From the verb turne. === Noun === turn m (uncountable) gymnastics (an athletic discipline) ==== Related terms ==== gymnastikk === References === “turn” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Old High German == === Etymology === Borrowed from Old French *torn (cf. the diminutive tornele), variant of tor. === Noun === turn m tower ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: turn, turm, tuorn, torn, tormAlemannic German: Durm, TuureBavarian: TuamCentral Franconian:Hunsrik: TorremLuxembourgish: TurGerman: Turm (see there for further descendants)Yiddish: טורעם (turem)→ Polish: turma === References === Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “turn”, in Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎[3] (in German), 6th edition == Romanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Turm, from Latin turrem, accusative form of turris. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /turn/ === Noun === turn n (plural turnuri) tower (chess) rook Synonym: tură ==== Declension ==== === See also ===