täytyä

== Finnish == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *täütüdäk, equivalent to täyt- (“full”) +‎ -yä. Related to Ingrian täytyä and Karelian täytyö. The original meanings are "to fill up; be filled" and (from the former) "to suffice, be enough". It is not entirely clear how the current sense indicating obligation developed from these two. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtæy̯tyæˣ/, [ˈt̪æy̯t̪yæ(ʔ)] Rhymes: -æytyæ Syllabification(key): täy‧ty‧ä Hyphenation(key): täy‧tyä === Verb === täytyä (impersonal + genitive, chiefly in the positive) must, have to [with first infinitive] (obsolete) synonym of riittää (“to suffice, be enough”) (archaic, dialectal) synonym of täyttyä (“to fill (up), be filled, become full”) ==== Usage notes ==== (must, have to): täytyä expresses absolute necessity to do something, whereas its near synonym pitää does not have as unconditional a nuance as täytyä. In the conditional and potential moods (which for this verb are largely synonymous), the necessity is less absolute, and closer to English should or ought to. Seldom used in negative sentences, in which the synonymous olla pakko is preferred by most speakers. While non-impersonal uses like minä täydyn are considered incorrect (nonstandard) in standard Finnish, such forms have been used in some Lapland dialects, probably under Swedish influence. ==== Conjugation ==== Note that the primary sense “must, have to” is impersonal (i.e. the only personal forms used are the third-person singular ones); for example, “I have to” is minun täytyy, not ×minä täydyn; see the usage examples above. ==== Synonyms ==== (to have to): olla pakko ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “täytyä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023 === Anagrams === -yyttää == Ingrian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *täütüdäk, equivalent to täyt- (“full”) +‎ -yä. Cognates include Finnish täytyä and Estonian täidida. === Pronunciation === (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtæy̯tyæ/, [ˈtæy̯tʲø̞] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtæy̯tyæ/, [ˈtæy̯tyæ] Rhymes: -æy̯tøː, -æy̯tyæ Hyphenation: täy‧ty‧ä === Verb === täytyä (auxiliary + 3rd infinitive in illative) to begin to ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Synonyms ==== alkaa, noissa, käyvvä, lähtiä, aluttaa, ruveta === References === Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 618