sultan

== English == === Alternative forms === sultân (archaic) sulṭān (rare) === Etymology === Borrowed from Middle French sultan or Medieval Latin sultanus, from Ottoman Turkish سلطان (sultan), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān, “strength, authority, ruler”). Compare Hebrew שִׁלְטוֹן (shiltón) and סוּלְטָן (sultán). Doublet of soldan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsʌltən/ Hyphenation: sul‧tan Rhymes: -ʌltən === Noun === sultan (countable and uncountable, plural sultans or (rare, only in certain senses) salateen) (historical) The holder of a secular office, formally subordinate to, but de facto the power behind the throne of, the caliph. A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, Morocco (until 1957) or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire. (card games, uncountable) A variant of solitaire, played with two decks of cards. A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Chinese: 蘇丹 / 苏丹 (sūdān) ==== Translations ==== === See also === sultana bird === References === === Anagrams === Naults, unlast == Azerbaijani == === Alternative forms === soltan === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Pronunciation === === Noun === sultan (definite accusative sultanı, plural sultanlar) sultan ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “sultan” in Obastan.com. == Danish == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Noun === sultan c (singular definite sultanen, plural indefinite sultaner) sultan (ruler) ==== Declension ==== === References === “sultan” in Den Danske Ordbog == Dutch == === Etymology === From Turkish sultan, from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsʏl.tɑn/ Hyphenation: sul‧tan === Noun === sultan m (plural sultans, no diminutive, feminine sultane) sultan, a Muslim ruler title a certain pastry ==== Derived terms ==== sultana f sultanaat n sultane f sultanshoen n === References === M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch] == Estonian == === Etymology === From German Sultan. === Noun === sultan (genitive sultani, partitive sultanit) sultan (ruler) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== sultaniriik ==== Related terms ==== sultanaat === Further reading === “sultan”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009 sultan in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut) == French == === Etymology === Inherited from Middle French sultan (“ruler of a Muslim state”), from Ottoman Turkish سلطان. See English sultan for more. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /syl.tɑ̃/ === Noun === sultan m (plural sultans, feminine sultane) a sultan: a Muslim ruler with a certain title a silk-ornamented basket a perfume sachet to put in a linen coffer ==== Synonyms ==== soudan ==== Descendants ==== → English: sultan, sultân (archaic), sulṭān (rare)→ Chinese: 蘇丹 / 苏丹 (sūdān) → Faroese: sultánur → Portuguese: sultão === References === Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition === Further reading === “sultan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Icelandic == === Noun === sultan definite nominative singular of sulta == Indonesian == === Etymology === From Malay sultan, from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈsʊltan] Hyphenation: sul‧tan === Noun === sultan (plural sultan-sultan) sultan (historical) The holder of a secular office, formally subordinate to, but de facto the power behind the throne of, the caliph. A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, Morocco (until 1957) or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire. (slang) rich: the rich people of a society or the world collectively, the rich class of a society ==== Synonyms ==== (sultan): baginda (sultan): raja ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “sultan”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Malay == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”). === Noun === sultan (Jawi spelling سلطان, plural sultan-sultan or sultan2) sultan (ruler) ==== Derived terms ==== kesultanan ==== Descendants ==== Indonesian: sultan → Min Nan: 史丹 (sú-tan) → Tagalog: sultan === Further reading === "sultan" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017 == Maltese == === Alternative forms === soltan === Etymology === Inherited from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sulˈtaːn/ Rhymes: -aːn === Noun === sultan m (plural slaten, feminine sultana, diminutive slajten or slajtan) (dated, historical or figurative) king, monarch, ruler Synonym: re ==== Usage notes ==== The word is rare for the kings of modern internationally recognised states, but is otherwise still used in a broader or historical sense. Compare the same in saltna versus renju. == Middle French == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish سلطان (or an Old Anatolian Turkish ancestor) or directly from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Noun === sultan m (plural sultans) sultan (ruler of a Muslim state) ==== Descendants ==== French: sultan→ English: sultan, sultân (archaic), sulṭān (rare)→ Chinese: 蘇丹 / 苏丹 (sūdān)→ Faroese: sultánur→ Portuguese: sultão == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Noun === sultan m (definite singular sultanen, indefinite plural sultaner, definite plural sultanene) sultan (ruler) === References === “sultan” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Noun === sultan m (definite singular sultanen, indefinite plural sultanar, definite plural sultanane) sultan (ruler) === References === “sultan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Piedmontese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sylˈtaŋ/ === Noun === sultan m sultan (ruler) == Romanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish سلطان (sultan), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sulˈtan/ === Noun === sultan m (plural sultani) sultan ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== sultană sultănesc === Further reading === “sultan”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2026 == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish سلطان (compare Turkish sultan), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). First attested in the 13th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sǔltaːn/ Hyphenation: sul‧tan === Noun === sùltān m anim (Cyrillic spelling су̀лта̄н) sultan ==== Declension ==== === References === === Further reading === “sultan”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 == Slovene == === Noun === sultan m anim sultan (ruler) ==== Declension ==== This noun needs an inflection-table template. === Further reading === “sultan”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2026 == Swedish == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Noun === sultan c sultan (ruler) ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Finnish: sulttaani === Further reading === sultan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (14th ed., online) === Anagrams === anslut, lustan, lutans, slutna == Tagalog == === Etymology === Either from Malay sultan or from Spanish sultán, ultimately from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān). === Pronunciation === (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /sulˈtan/ [sʊlˈt̪an̪] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: sul‧tan === Noun === sultán (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜈ᜔) sultan (hereditary ruler in various Muslim states) ==== Related terms ==== sultanato sultaniya sultana ==== See also ==== === Further reading === “sultan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018 == Tausug == === Etymology === From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”). === Pronunciation === (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /sultan/ [sʊlˈt̪an̪] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: sul‧tan === Noun === sultan (Sulat Sūg spelling سُلْطَان) sultan (Muslim king) == Turkish == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish سلطان (sultân), from Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority”) (compare Hebrew שִׁלְטוֹן (shiltón)). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /suɫˈtɑ(ː)n/ === Noun === sultan (definite accusative sultanı, plural sultanlar) A monarchic title for Sunni Muslim monarchs. A noble title for monarch's mother, wives and children. An honorific title for Bektashi saints. A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == Yakan == === Noun === sultan sultan (Muslim king)