rake

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ɹeɪk/ Rhymes: -eɪk Homophone: raik === Etymology 1 === From Middle English rake [and other forms], from Old English raca, racu, ræce (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Germanic *rakō, *rekô (“tool with a row of pointed teeth, rake”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”). ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) (agriculture, horticulture) A garden tool with a row of pointed teeth fixed to a long handle, used for collecting debris, grass, etc., for flattening the ground, or for loosening soil; also, a similar wheel-mounted tool drawn by a horse or a tractor. Synonym: (horse-drawn rake) horserake (by extension) A similarly shaped tool used for other purposes. (gambling) A tool with a straight edge at the end used by a croupier to move chips or money across a gaming table. A type of lockpick that has a ridged or notched blade that moves across the pins in a pin tumbler lock, causing them to settle into a shear line. (cellular automata) A type of puffer train that leaves behind a stream of spaceships as it moves. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === The verb is partly derived from rake (“tool with a row of pointed teeth”) (see etymology 1) and from Middle English raken (“to rake; to gather by raking; to rake away (debris); to cover with something; (figurative) to conceal, hide; to destroy”) [and other forms], from Old Norse raka (“to scrape”), from Proto-Germanic *raką, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”). The noun is derived from the verb. ==== Verb ==== rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked) To act upon with a rake, or as if with a rake. (transitive, also figurative) Often followed by in: to gather (things which are apart) together, especially quickly. (transitive) Often followed by an adverb or preposition such as away, off, out, etc.: to drag or pull in a certain direction. (ambitransitive, figurative) To claw at; to scrape, to scratch; followed by away: to erase, to obliterate. (ambitransitive, figurative) Followed by up: to bring up or uncover (something), as embarrassing information, past misdeeds, etc. (ambitransitive, figurative) To search through (thoroughly). Synonyms: comb, comb through, go over with a fine-tooth comb, scour (ambitransitive, also figurative) To move (a beam of light, a glance with the eyes, etc.) across (something) with a long side-to-side motion; specifically (often military) to use a weapon to fire at (something) with a side-to-side motion; to spray with gunfire. (military, nautical) To fire upon an enemy vessel from a position in line with its bow or stern, causing one's fire to travel through the length of the enemy vessel for maximum damage. (transitive, chiefly Ireland, Northern England, Scotland, also figurative) To cover (something) by or as if by raking things over it. To pick (a lock) with a rake. ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) The act of raking. Something that is raked. A share of profits, takings, etc., especially if obtained illegally; specifically (gambling) the scaled commission fee taken by a cardroom operating a poker game. (chiefly Ireland, Scotland, slang) A lot, plenty. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === From Middle English rake, rakke (“pass, path, track; type of fencing thrust; pasture land (?)”), and then partly: probably from Old English racu (“bed of a stream; path; account, narrative; explanation; argument, reasoning; reason”) (compare Old English hrace, hraca, hracu (“gorge”)), from Proto-Germanic *rakō (“path, track; course, direction; an unfolding, unwinding; account, narrative; argument, reasoning”) [and other forms], from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, right oneself”); and from Old Norse rák (“strip; stripe; furrow; small mountain ravine”), further etymology uncertain but probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rakō, as above. ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) (Northern England and climbing, also figurative) A course, a path, especially a narrow and steep path or route up a hillside. (mining) A fissure or mineral vein of ore traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so. (UK, originally Northern England, Scotland) A series, a succession; specifically (rail transport) a set of coupled rail vehicles, normally coaches or wagons. Synonym: consist (Midlands, Northern England) Alternative spelling of raik (“a course, a way; pastureland over which animals graze; a journey to transport something between two places; a run; also, the quantity of items so transported”). ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked) Alternative spelling of raik (“(intransitive, Midlands, Northern England, Scotland) to walk; to roam, to wander; of animals (especially sheep): to graze; (transitive, chiefly Scotland) to roam or wander through (somewhere)”) === Etymology 4 === The verb is derived from Middle English raken (“to go, proceed; to move quickly, hasten, rush; to roam, wander”) [and other forms], from Old English racian (“to go forward, move, run; to hasten; to take a course or direction; to control, direct, govern, rule”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakōn (“to take a course or direction; to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to direct oneself”). The noun is derived from the verb. ==== Verb ==== rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked) (intransitive, chiefly Midlands, Northern England, Scotland) To move swiftly; to proceed rapidly. (intransitive, falconry) Of a bird of prey: to fly after a quarry; also, to fly away from the falconer, to go wide of the quarry being pursued. ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) (Scotland) Rate of progress; pace, speed. ===== Alternative forms ===== raik === Etymology 5 === The origin of the verb is uncertain. The noun is probably derived from the verb. ==== Verb ==== rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked) (ambitransitive) To incline (something) from a perpendicular direction. Synonym: slope (nautical) Senses relating to watercraft. (transitive) To provide (the bow or stern of a watercraft) with a rake (“a slant that causes it to extend beyond the keel”). (intransitive, rare) Of a watercraft: to have a rake at its bow or stern. ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) A divergence from the horizontal or perpendicular; a slant, a slope. (specifically) In full, angle of rake or rake angle: the angle between the edge or face of a tool (especially a cutting tool) and a plane (usually one perpendicular to the object that the tool is being applied to). (geology) The direction of slip during the movement of a fault, measured within the fault plane. (nautical) Senses relating to watercraft. A slant that causes the bow or stern of a watercraft to extend beyond the keel; also, the upper part of the bow or stern that extends beyond the keel. A slant of some other part of a watercraft (such as a funnel or mast) away from the perpendicular, usually towards the stern. (roofing) The sloped edge of a roof at or adjacent to the first or last rafter. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 6 === The noun is a clipping of rakehell (“(archaic) lewd or wanton person, debauchee, rake”), from to rake (out) hell (“to search through hell thoroughly”), in the sense of a person so evil or immoral that they cannot be found in hell even after an extensive search: see rake (“to search through (thoroughly)”). The verb is derived from the noun. ==== Noun ==== rake (plural rakes) A person (usually a man) who is stylish but habituated to hedonistic and immoral conduct. Synonyms: roué; see also Thesaurus:libertine ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle raking, simple past and past participle raked) (intransitive, dated, rare) To behave as a rake; to lead a hedonistic and immoral life. Synonyms: see Thesaurus:harlotize === Notes === === References === === Further reading === rake (stock character) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia rake (tool) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia rake (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “rake”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN. === Anagrams === Kera, Kear, Akre, aker, KERA, reak, arke == Dutch == === Pronunciation === === Adjective === rake inflection of raak: masculine/feminine singular attributive definite neuter singular attributive plural attributive === Verb === rake (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of raken == Garo == === Adverb === rake hard == Hausa == === Etymology === Borrowed from Yoruba ireke. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɽà.kéː/ (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [ɽə̀.céː] === Noun === ràkē m (possessed form ràken) sugarcane == Norwegian Bokmål == === Adjective === rake definite singular/plural of rak == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Adjective === rake definite singular/plural of rak === Verb === rake (present tense rakar, past tense raka, past participle raka, passive infinitive rakast, present participle rakande, imperative rake/rak) alternative form of raka == Scots == === Alternative forms === raik, rayk === Etymology === From Middle English raken, from Old English racian (“to direct; rule; take a course or direction; run”). === Verb === rake (third-person singular simple present rakes, present participle rakin, simple past and past participle rakit) To proceed with speed; go; make one's way To journey; travel (of animals) To move across or search for pasture; wander; roam To stray == Swedish == === Adjective === rake definite natural masculine singular of rak === Anagrams === ekar, reka == Teop == === Verb === rake to want === References === Ulrike Mosel, The Teop sketch grammar