peng-

== Indonesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Malay peng-, from Proto-Malayic *pAŋ-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋ-, from Proto-Austronesian *paŋ-. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /pəŋ/ === Prefix === peng- forms nouns indicating actor, instrument, or someone characterized by the root ‎peng- + ‎tulis → ‎penulis (“writer”) forms adjectives indicating characteristic of the root prefixed ‎peng- + ‎diam (“silent”) → ‎pendiam (“quiet (of person)”) ==== Alternative forms ==== pem- (before initials of /b/, /p/, /v/ or /f/ will remove initial /p/ even before consonant clusters) pen- (before initials of /d/, and /t/, will remove initial /t/) pen- (before initials of /t͡ʃ/ ⟨c⟩, /d͡ʒ/ ⟨j⟩, /ʃ/ ⟨sy⟩, and /z/) peny- (before initials of /s/, will remove initial /s/) pe- (before initials of /l/, /m/, /n/, /ɲ/ ⟨ny⟩, /ŋ/ ⟨ng⟩, /r/, /w/ and /y/) penge- (before monosyllabic roots) ==== Synonyms ==== -wan ==== Derived terms ==== == Malay == === Etymology === From Proto-Malayic *pAŋ-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paŋ-, from Proto-Austronesian *paŋ-. Compare Tagalog pang-. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /pəŋ-/ Hyphenation: peng- === Prefix === peng- (Jawi spelling ڤڠـ) Forms an agent noun characterized by the word stem, similar to English -er: Derives an actor or instrument which is the agent noun counterpart of a verb with the meng- prefix. ‎peng- + ‎tulis (“to write”) → ‎penulis (“writer”) (compare its verbal counterpart with meng-, menulis (“to write”)) Derives a noun with adjectival characteristics of the base word. ‎peng- + ‎diam (“quiet”) → ‎pendiam (“quiet person”) ==== Usage notes ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Indonesian: peng-