pegawai

== Indonesian == === Etymology === Affixed per- +‎ gawai (“work”), from Malay pegawai. Replaced Dutch ambtenaar (“civil servant”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [pəˈɡawai̯] Hyphenation: pê‧ga‧wai === Noun === pêgawai (plural pegawai-pegawai) employee Synonyms: karyawan, pekerja (archaic) government officer, official Synonym: pejabat (archaic, figurative) tool, equipment, apparatus ==== Usage notes ==== The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay pegawai. ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “pegawai”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Malay == === Etymology === pe- +‎ gawai === Noun === pegawai (Jawi spelling ڤݢاواي, plural pegawai-pegawai or pegawai2) officer; official ==== Usage notes ==== The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian pegawai. === References === Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “ڤݢاوي pĕgawei”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 100 Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “ڤݢاوي pĕgawai”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 466 Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “pĕgawai”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 227 === Further reading === "pegawai" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017