grates

== English == === Pronunciation === enPR: grāts (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA(key): /ɡɹeɪ̯ts/ (Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /ɡɹæɪ̯ts/ (Scotland) IPA(key): /ɡɹets/ (India) IPA(key): /ɡɾeːʈs/ Rhymes: -eɪts Homophone: greats Hyphenation: grates === Noun === grates plural of grate === Verb === grates third-person singular simple present indicative of grate === Anagrams === 'Gaters, Gaters, Greats, Stager, Strega, gaster, greats, ragest, retags, stager, targes === Further reading === “grates”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. == Catalan == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [ˈɡɾa.təs] IPA(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈɡɾa.tes] Rhymes: -ates Hyphenation: gra‧tes === Etymology 1 === ==== Adjective ==== grates feminine plural of grat === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== grates second-person singular present indicative of gratar == Latin == === Etymology === From the plural of Old Latin *grātis, from Proto-Italic *gʷrātis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷérHtis, from the root *gʷerH- (“to welcome, greet, praise”) +‎ *-tis (deverbal abstract noun–forming suffix). Cognates include Oscan 𐌁𐌓𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌝𐌔 (brateís), Paelignian brat, brais, Vestinian brat, Old Church Slavonic жрьти (žrĭti, “to offer, sacrifice”) and Sanskrit गूर्ति (gūrtí, “approval, praise, welcoming; benediction”). Compare grātia (“favor, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship, partiality”). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɡraː.teːs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈɡraː.tes] Hyphenation: grā‧tēs === Noun === grātēs f pl (genitive grātium); third declension thanks, thanksgiving ==== Usage notes ==== This noun originally appeared only in the nominative and accusative plural (the genitive, dative, and vocative plural are unattested and ablative plural only rarely) and was used with agō (“to put in motion, move, lead, drive, tend, conduct”) when rendering thanks to the gods; grātiās agō was generally used for thanks between humans. ==== Declension ==== Third-declension noun (i-stem), plural only. ==== Related terms ==== === References === “grātes”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press grātēs in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2964 R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “grates”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC “grātes”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 723, column 1. Harm Pinkster, editor (2018), “grātēs”, in Woordenboek Latijn/Nederlands‎[2], 7th revised edition, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC Latino-Sinicum [ = 感謝之詞/感谢之词 (gǎnxiè zhī cí); ~tēs ei reddĕre vel rependĕre vel rĕferre = 感謝／感谢 (gǎnxiè); ~tibus venerārī = 謹謝/谨谢 (jǐn xiè), 叩謝／叩谢 (kòuxiè)], in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011 "GRATES", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “grātēs”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers === Further reading === Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[3], London: Macmillan and Co. == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡɾates/ [ˈɡɾa.t̪es] Rhymes: -ates Syllabification: gra‧tes === Verb === grates second-person singular present subjunctive of gratar