grave

== English == === Pronunciation === enPR: grāv, IPA(key): /ɡɹeɪv/ Rhymes: -eɪv (accent, also): IPA(key): /ɡɹɑːv/ Rhymes: -ɑːv === Etymology 1 === From Middle English grave, grafe, from Old English græf, grafu (“cave, grave, trench”), from Proto-West Germanic *grab, from Proto-Germanic *grabą, *grabō (“grave, trench, ditch”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with West Frisian grêf (“grave”), Dutch graf (“grave”), Low German Graf (“a grave”), Graff, German Grab (“grave”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian grav (“grave”), Icelandic gröf (“grave”). Related to groove. ==== Noun ==== grave (countable and uncountable, plural graves) (strictly) An excavation in the earth as a place of burial. Synonyms: plot, lot; see also Thesaurus:grave Coordinate terms: burial chamber, sepulchre, vault (loosely) Any place of interment. Hyponyms: burial chamber, sepulchre, vault (very loosely) Any place containing one or more corpses. (uncountable, by extension) Death, destruction. (by extension, uncountable) Deceased people; the dead. ===== Synonyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== groove ===== Descendants ===== Sranan Tongo: grebi Aukan: geebi ===== Translations ===== ==== See also ==== grave (burial) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia === Etymology 2 === From Middle English graven, from Old English grafan (“to dig, dig up, grave, engrave, carve, chisel”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with Dutch graven (“to dig”), German graben (“to dig”), Danish grave (“to dig”), Swedish gräva (“to dig”), Icelandic grafa (“to dig”). ==== Verb ==== grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past graved, past participle graved or graven) (transitive, obsolete) To dig. (intransitive, obsolete) To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave. a. 1894, Robert Louis Stevenson, "Requiem" This be the verse you grave for me / "Here he lies where he longs to be" (transitive, obsolete) To carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture. (intransitive, obsolete) To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly. (transitive, obsolete) To entomb; to bury. (intransitive, obsolete) To write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving. ===== Related terms ===== begrave engrave engraven ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === From Middle French grave, a learned borrowing from Latin gravis (“heavy, important”). Compare Old French greve (“terrible, dreadful”). Doublet of grief. ==== Adjective ==== grave (comparative graver, superlative gravest) Characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness; not cheerful. [from 16th c.] Synonyms: austere, solemn, sombre; see also Thesaurus:serious Low in pitch, tone etc. [from 17th c.] Antonyms: acute, deep, flat, low-pitched Serious, in a negative sense; important, formidable. [from 19th c.] Synonyms: serious, momentous, important; see also Thesaurus:important (phonology, dated, of a sound) Dull, produced in the middle or back of the mouth. (See Grave and acute on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ) Coordinate term: acute (obsolete) Influential, important; authoritative. [16th–18th c.] Synonyms: magisterial, masterful, oracular, sterling ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== grave (plural graves) A grave accent, the diacritic mark `. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 4 === Inherited from Middle English greyve. Doublet of graaf (borrowed from the Dutch cognate graaf (“count, earl”)) and graf (borrowed from the German cognate Graf (“count, earl”)). ==== Noun ==== grave (plural graves) (historical) A count, prefect, or person holding office. ===== Related terms ===== burgrave landgrave margrave palsgrave waldgrave === Etymology 5 === ==== Verb ==== grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past and past participle graved) (transitive, obsolete, nautical) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch — so called because graves or greaves were formerly used for this purpose. ===== Related terms ===== graving dock === Etymology 6 === ==== Noun ==== grave (plural graves) (obsolete) A kilogram. === Anagrams === Gaver == Danish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡraːvə/, [ˈɡ̊ʁɑːvə] === Etymology 1 === From Italian grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave”). ==== Adverb ==== grave (music) grave (low in pitch, tone etc.) accent grave – accent grave, grave accent === Etymology 2 === From Old Norse grafa (“to dig, bury”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). ==== Verb ==== grave (imperative grav, infinitive at grave, present tense graver, past tense gravede, perfect tense har gravet) dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way) ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === See grav (“grave, tomb, pit”). ==== Noun ==== grave c indefinite plural of grav == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɣraː.və/ Hyphenation: gra‧ve Rhymes: -aːvə Homophone: Grave === Verb === grave (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of graven === Anagrams === verga, vrage == Esperanto == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡrave/ Rhymes: -ave Syllabification: gra‧ve === Adverb === grave seriously, gravely === Further reading === “grave”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN “grave”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026 == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡʁav/ === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Middle French grave, borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of grief. ==== Adjective ==== grave (plural graves) serious solemn low-pitched Antonym: aigu (phonetics) back ===== Derived terms ===== accent grave gravement l'heure est grave ===== Related terms ===== gravissime gravitation gravité ===== Descendants ===== → Norwegian Bokmål: grave ==== Adverb ==== grave (informal, slang) much; a lot === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== grave inflection of graver: first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive second-person singular imperative === Further reading === “grave”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 === Anagrams === gaver == Italian == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin gravis. Doublet of greve. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡra.ve/ Rhymes: -ave Hyphenation: grà‧ve === Adjective === grave m or f by sense (plural gravi, superlative gravissimo) grave, serious heavy solemn (music) low-pitched, low-pitch ==== Synonyms ==== importante pesante austero serio ==== Antonyms ==== acuto ==== Related terms ==== gravemente gravare gravezza gravità gravoso ==== Descendants ==== → Danish: grave === Anagrams === Verga, verga == Latin == === Adjective === grave nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of gravis === References === "grave", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "grave", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) "grave", in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎[6] == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From the dative of Old English græf, from Proto-West Germanic *grab, from Proto-Germanic *grabą. ==== Alternative forms ==== graf, grafe, graffe, grawe ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈɡraːv(ə)/, /ˈɡrav(ə)/, /ˈɡraf/ ==== Noun ==== grave (plural graves) grave, burial tomb, mausoleum ===== Derived terms ===== graven graveston ===== Descendants ===== English: grave Scots: grave, grawe, graive, graiwe, greawe ===== References ===== “grāve, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 9 April 2018. === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== grave alternative form of gravey === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== grave (Late Middle English) alternative form of greyve === Etymology 4 === ==== Noun ==== grave (Early Middle English) alternative form of grove === Etymology 5 === ==== Verb ==== grave alternative form of graven == Middle French == === Alternative forms === greve === Etymology === From Old French grave. === Noun === grave f (plural graves) gravel ==== Descendants ==== French: grave → Norwegian Bokmål: grave === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “grave”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC. == Middle High German == === Etymology === Inherited from Old High German grāfo, grāvo, grāfio, grāvio (“count, local judge”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈɡraːvə/, /ˈɡraːfə/ === Noun === grāve m count, local judge ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== German: Graf === References === “grâve” Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Wilhelm Müller, and Friedrich Zarncke. Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke. Vol. 1. S. Hirzel, 1863. == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). ==== Verb ==== grave (imperative grav, present tense graver, passive graves, simple past gravde or grov, past participle gravd, present participle gravende) to dig grave ut ― to excavate === Etymology 2 === From French grave (“serious, low-pitched; back”), from Middle French grave, from Old French grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave, serious”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”), from *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”) + *-us (forms adjectives). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈɡrɑːʋ/ Rhymes: -ɑːʋ Hyphenation: grave Homophone: grav ==== Noun ==== grave m (definite singular graven, indefinite plural graver, definite plural gravene) only used in accent grave (“grave accent”) === References === “grave” in The Bokmål Dictionary. “grave” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB). == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Verb === grave (present tense grev, past tense grov, past participle grave, passive infinitive gravast, present participle gravande, imperative grav) alternative form of grava ==== Derived terms ==== gullgraving utgraving == Old French == === Alternative forms === greve === Etymology === Medieval Latin grava, from Gaulish *grawa, *growa, from Proto-Celtic *grāwā, related to Cornish grow (“gravel”), Breton grouan, and Welsh gro (“gravel”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr-eu-d-. === Noun === grave oblique singular, f (oblique plural graves, nominative singular grave, nominative plural graves) gravel ==== Descendants ==== Middle French: grave French: grave → Norwegian Bokmål: grave ⇒ Old French: graveleMiddle French: gravelle, gravele→ Middle English: grauelEnglish: gravel === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “grave”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC. == Portuguese == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: (Brazil) -avi, (Portugal) -avɨ Hyphenation: gra‧ve === Etymology 1 === From Old Galician-Portuguese grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy; grave”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us. ==== Adjective ==== grave m or f (plural graves, comparable, comparative mais grave, superlative o mais grave or gravíssimo) serious; grave (having possible severe negative consequences) Synonyms: sério, severo (of sound) low-pitched; grave (low in pitch or tone) Synonym: baixo Antonym: agudo grave; serious; sombre; austere; solemn (characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness) Synonyms: sério, austero, circunspecto, sisudo, solene (physics) that falls down; that doesn’t float ===== Derived terms ===== gravemente ==== Noun ==== grave m (plural graves) (music) a low-pitched note (physics) a body that falls down === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== grave inflection of gravar: first/third-person singular present subjunctive third-person singular imperative === Further reading === “grave”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “grave”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Romanian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from Italian grave. === Adjective === grave inflection of grav: genitive/dative feminine singular/plural nominative/accusative neuter plural === Adverb === grave grave == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡɾabe/ [ˈɡɾa.β̞e] Rhymes: -abe Syllabification: gra‧ve Homophone: grabe === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Spanish grave, from Latin gravis. Cf. also the attested Old Spanish form grieve, from Early Medieval Latin grevis, which was more common in other Romance-speaking areas. ==== Adjective ==== grave m or f (masculine and feminine plural graves, superlative gravísimo) serious, grave Synonym: serio bass (sound) Synonym: bajo Antonym: agudo solemn Synonym: solemne (phonetics) paroxytone; stressed in the penultimate syllable Synonym: llano Coordinate terms: agudo, esdrújulo, sobresdrújulo ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → Tagalog: grabe === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== grave inflection of gravar: first/third-person singular present subjunctive third-person singular imperative === Further reading === “grave”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 === References === === Anagrams === verga == Swedish == === Adjective === grave definite natural masculine singular of grav === Anagrams === avger == West Frisian == === Etymology === From Old Frisian grava, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡraːvə/ === Verb === grave to dig ==== Inflection ==== ==== Further reading ==== “grave”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011