glaive

== English == === Alternative forms === glave, gleave === Etymology === From Middle English gleyve (“lance, glaive”), from Old French glaive (“lance; sword”), from Late Latin glavus. The further etymology is uncertain; one possibility is that glavus reflects Latin gladius (“sword”) crossed with clāva (“club”); another is that it derives from a re-crossing of gladius with Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”); yet another is that it is a borrowing into Late Latin from Old Irish claideb. All of the aforementioned words derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat; to break”). The Oxford English Dictionary notes that none of these words had the oldest meaning of Old French glaive (“lance”). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch glavie, glaye (“lance”); Middle High German glavîe, glævîn (“lance”), Swedish glaven (“lance”). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ɡleɪv/, enPR: glāv Rhymes: -eɪv Homophone: glave === Noun === glaive (plural glaives) (obsolete, historical) A light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head. (historical) A weapon consisting of a pole with a large blade fixed on the end, the edge of which is on the outside curve. (loosely or poetic, archaic) A sword, particularly a broadsword. ==== Derived terms ==== glaived (adjective) Welsh glaive ==== Related terms ==== gladius ==== Translations ==== === Notes === === References === === Further reading === glaive on Wikipedia.Wikipedia === Anagrams === Veglia, vagile == French == === Etymology === Inherited from Old French glaive, from Late Latin glavus; see the entry for English glaive for further information. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡlɛv/ === Noun === glaive m (plural glaives) gladius, short sword (figuratively) sword === Further reading === “glaive”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Middle English == === Noun === glaive alternative form of gleyve == Old French == === Alternative forms === gladies (10th century) gleve gleyve === Etymology === From Late Latin glavus, representing a hybrid of gladius and clāva (“club”). Alternatively, from an original *glede (from Latin gladius) with influence from Gaulish gladebo (“sword”). Both terms are ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kladiwos (“sword”). Alternatively, the d in *glede that had come to be pronounced as /ð/ in Old French may have been fronted to /v/ (perhaps influenced by the Gaulish word). Gender was variable in the oldest texts. === Noun === glaive oblique singular, m or f (oblique plural glaives, nominative singular glaives, nominative plural glaive) lance sword massacre ==== Descendants ==== French: glaive → Middle Dutch: glavie, glaye → Old Norse: glefia → Middle Low German: glave → Old Swedish: glaven Swedish: glav → Old Danish: glawen Danish: glavind → Middle English: gleyve, cleyve, glaive, glayfe, glayffe, glayve, gleve, gleywe, glyveEnglish: glaiveScots: glaive → Middle High German: gleve → Old Catalan: glavi === See also === espee lance === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “glaive”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC. glaive on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “gladius”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 145