frith

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fɹɪθ/ Rhymes: -ɪθ === Etymology 1 === From Middle English frith, from Old English friþ, friþu (“peace, tranquility, security, refuge”), from Proto-West Germanic *friþu, from Proto-Germanic *friþuz (“peace, reconciliation”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“beloved, happy”). Cognate with Dutch vrede (“peace, quiet, tranquility”), German Frieden (“peace, tranquility”), Danish fred (“peace, serenity”), Swedish frid (“peace, serenity”), Icelandic friður (“peace, tranquility”). Related to free. ==== Noun ==== frith (uncountable) (rare, archaic, poetic) Peace; security. (obsolete) Sanctuary, asylum. ===== Usage notes ===== (peace): This sense is obsolete, except that it has recently been revived among followers of Heathenry. When used by Heathens, it is fairly synonymous with the slightly less rare English word comity. ===== Derived terms ===== frithguild frithstool === Etymology 2 === From Middle English frithen, from Old English friþian (“to give frith to, make peace with, be at peace with, cherish, protect, guard, defend, keep, observe”), from Proto-Germanic *friþōną (“to make peace, secure, protect”), from Proto-Indo-European *prēy-, *prāy- (“to like, love”). Cognate with Scots frethe, freith (“to set free, liberate”), Danish frede (“to have peace, protect, inclose, fence in”), Swedish freda (“to cover, protect, quiet, inclose, fence in”), Icelandic friða (“to make peace, preserve”). ==== Alternative forms ==== freath ==== Verb ==== frith (third-person singular simple present friths, present participle frithing, simple past and past participle frithed) (transitive, obsolete) To protect; guard. (transitive, obsolete) To enclose; fence in, as a forest or park. === Etymology 3 === From Middle English frith (“forest, woodland; hedging”), from Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ (“forest, wooded country; game preserve, hunting ground”), from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi (“forest, woodland”), Proto-Germanic *furhiþją (“forest, wooded country”), *furhiþǭ, from *furhu (“fir; pine”), from *furahō, *furhō (“fir; pine; (fir or pine) forest”), from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus (“oak”), from *perkʷ- (“oak”). The English word is cognate with Latin quercus (“oak”), Old English fyrh (“fir, pine”), Old High German forst, foreht (“forest”), Old Norse fýri (“pine-wood, coniferous forest”). Latin foresta (whence eventually English forest), may be borrowed from the same West Germanic source. ==== Noun ==== frith (plural friths) A forest or wood; woodland generally. (British, dialectal) Land with mostly undergrowth and few trees; also, land in between forests or woods; pastureland which is not in use. Brushwood or undergrowth, sometimes in the form of a hedge. A hedge, especially one made from brushwood which has been wattled; also, a movable frame made from wattled branches, a hurdle. (obsolete) A kind of weir made from wattled branches for catching fish. ===== Derived terms ===== frithy === Etymology 4 === A metathetic variant of firth. ==== Noun ==== frith (plural friths) (archaic) Alternative form of firth (“an arm or inlet of the sea”). === References === === Further reading === frith on Wikipedia.Wikipedia “frith”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC. “frith”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022. === Anagrams === Firth, firth == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English friþ, friþu, from Proto-West Germanic *friþu, from Proto-Germanic *friþuz. ==== Alternative forms ==== ffryth, firth, freth, freþ, frið, friþ, friþþ, fryth, fryþ ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /friθ/ ==== Noun ==== frith (uncountable) A state of general peace or tranquility. (rare) Traditional or customary law. ===== Related terms ===== frithen ===== Descendants ===== English: frith ===== References ===== “frith, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Etymology 2 === From Old English fyrhþe, fyrhþ, from Proto-West Germanic *furhiþi, from Proto-Germanic *furhiþją, *furhiþǭ. ==== Alternative forms ==== freth, frethe, fritthe, friþ, friþe, fruth, fryght, fryth, ffyrthe ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /friθ/, /firθ/, /frixt/, /friːxt/ ==== Noun ==== frith (plural frithes) royal forest or wood forested wild forest clearing (rare, Late Middle English) fenced land (rare, Late Middle English) hedging (as a fence) ===== Descendants ===== English: frith, firth Scots: firth (poetic) ===== References ===== “frith, n.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. == Old Danish == === Etymology === From Old Norse friðr. === Noun === frith m peace ==== Descendants ==== Danish: fred == Scottish Gaelic == === Etymology === Derived from the preposition ri (“with, against”), from Old Irish fri (“towards”). === Adjective === frith little, small ==== Usage notes ==== Always used before the noun it qualifies. Usually used as a prefix. ==== Derived terms ==== frith- === References === == Welsh == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /vriːθ/ === Adjective === frith soft mutation of brith === Mutation ===