fan

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of English Fang. === Symbol === fan (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Fang (Bantu). === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Fang (Bantu) terms == English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fæn/ (Standard Southern British) IPA(key): /faːn/ (æ-tensing) IPA(key): [fɛən], [feən], [fɛːn] Rhymes: -æn Homophones: faan, fanne === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Middle English fan, inherited from Old English fann (“a winnowing, fan”), derived from Latin vannus (“fan for winnowing grain”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”). More at winnow. ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fans) A hand-held device consisting of concertinaed material, or slats of material, gathered together at one end, that may be opened out into the shape of a sector of a circle and waved back and forth in order to move air towards oneself and cool oneself. An electrical or mechanical device for moving air, used for cooling people, machinery, etc. The action of fanning; agitation of the air. Anything resembling a hand-held fan in shape, e.g., a peacock’s tail. An instrument for winnowing grain, by moving which the grain is tossed and agitated, and the chaff is separated and blown away. A small vane or sail, used to keep the large sails of a smock mill always in the direction of the wind. (mathematics) A section of a tree having a finite number of branches ===== Hyponyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== fan (third-person singular simple present fans, present participle fanning, simple past and past participle fanned) (transitive) To blow air on (something) by means of a fan (hand-held, mechanical or electrical) or otherwise. (transitive) To slap (a behind, especially). (intransitive, usually to fan out) To move or spread in multiple directions from one point, in the shape of a hand-held fan. (transitive) To dispel by waving a hand-held fan. (firearms, transitive) To perform a maneuver that involves flicking the top rear of an old-style gun. (figurative) To invigorate, like flames when fanned. To winnow grain. (rail transport, transitive) To apply (the air brake) many times in rapid succession. (baseball, intransitive) To strike out. (baseball, transitive) To strike out (a batter). ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== (to firing a revolver by holding trigger and hitting hammer) thumbing ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Clipping of fanatic, originally in US baseball slang. Possibly influenced by fancy (“group of sport or hobby enthusiasts”), i.e. fancy boy (“fan”). ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fans or fen) A person who is fond of something or someone, especially an admirer of a performer or aficionado of a sport. ===== Usage notes ===== The plural fen is only used within science fiction fandom. See fen, etymology 3, for more information. ===== Synonyms ===== See Thesaurus:fan ===== Antonyms ===== anti-fan hater ===== Hyponyms ===== See Category:en:Fans (people), for names of different fans or members of fan subcultures. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== ===== Translations ===== ===== References ===== Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “fan”, in Online Etymology Dictionary, retrieved 1 January 2017: “1889, American English, originally of baseball enthusiasts, probably a shortening of fanatic, but it may be influenced by the fancy, a collective term for followers of a certain hobby or sport (especially boxing)” === Etymology 3 === From Cantonese 分. Doublet of fen and hoon. ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fan) (Hong Kong, dated) A unit of length, equivalent to 0.1 tsun (0.01 chek), or 0.00371475 metres. === See also === === Anagrams === AFN, ANF, FNA, NAF, NFA == Bambara == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [fã˦ã˨] === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== fan egg ===== Derived terms ===== sɛfan === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== fan direction, side === References === 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics. Richard Nci Diarra, Lexique bambara-français-anglais, December 13, 2010 == Catalan == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -an === Verb === fan third-person plural present indicative of fer == Chibcha == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /βan/ === Noun === fan alternative form of ban === References === Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013. Quesada Pacheco, Miguel Ángel. 1991. El vocabulario mosco de 1612. En estudios de Lingüística Chibcha. Programa de investigación del departamento de lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Serie Anual Tomo X San José (Costa Rica). Universidad de Costa Rica. == Chuukese == === Noun === fan church (building) Ka mochen fiti fan? ― Do you want to attend church? time (instance or occurrence) === Preposition === fan under == Cimbrian == === Etymology === Procope of older afan, from a contraction of Middle High German ūf with the definite article. The form au fan is pleonastic. === Preposition === fan (Sette Comuni) on au fan tiss ― on the table (literally, “up on table”) in übar fan Ròan ― in Canove (literally, “over in Canove”) ==== Usage notes ==== Often used in conjunction with adverbs, such as au (“up”), übar (“over”), abe (“down”). === References === “fan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from English fan. === Pronunciation === (Belgium) IPA(key): /fɑn/ (Netherlands) IPA(key): /fɛn/ === Noun === fan m (plural fans, diminutive fannetje n) fan (admirer) ==== Synonyms ==== aanhanger bewonderaar supporter == Emilian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈfaŋ/ === Verb === fan third-person plural present indicative of fèr == Finnish == === Etymology === From English fan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈfɑn/, [ˈfɑ̝n] IPA(key): /ˈfæn/, [ˈfæn] Rhymes: -ɑn Syllabification(key): fan Hyphenation(key): fan === Noun === fan fan, admirer, aficionado ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== fani === Further reading === “fan”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023 == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fan/ === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English fan, 1920s. ==== Noun ==== fan m or f by sense (plural fans) fan (admirer, supporter) === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from English fan. ==== Noun ==== fan f (plural fans) (North America) fan (ventilator) === Further reading === “fan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Friulian == === Etymology === From Latin famēs. === Noun === fan f hunger ==== Related terms ==== famâ == Galician == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English fan. ==== Noun ==== fan m or f by sense (plural fans) fan (admirer or aficionado) ===== Related terms ===== fanático fanatismo === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== fan third-person plural present indicative of facer === Further reading === “fan”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026 == Gothic == === Romanization === fan romanization of 𐍆𐌰𐌽 == Hungarian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈfɒn] Hyphenation: fan === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Finno-Ugric *puna (“hair”). Possibly a doublet of pina. Cognates include Northern Mansi пун (pun, “feather, fur, wool”). ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fanok) (obsolete) pubis Synonyms: (the region) szeméremtájék, (the bone) szeméremcsont, (mons pubis) szeméremdomb (obsolete) pubic hair Synonyms: szeméremszőrzet, fanszőrzet ===== Usage notes ===== Today it is used only in compounds. ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From English fan. ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fanok) (neologism, colloquial) fan (a person who is fond of something or someone, especially an admirer of a performer or aficionado of a sport) Synonym: rajongó ===== Declension ===== === References === === Further reading === (pubis; admirer, aficionado): fan in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024). (pubis): fan , mostly redirecting to fanszőr in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN (pubis): fan in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874. (pubis): fan at A Pallas nagy lexikona, Pallas Irodalmi és Nyomdai Rt., Budapest, 1897 (pubis): László Országh, Magyar–angol szótár (“Hungarian–English Dictionary”), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1977 == Indonesian == === Etymology === From English fan (“a person who is fond of something or someone”), clipping of fanatic. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈfɛn] Hyphenation: fan === Noun === fan (plural fan-fan) fan: a person who is fond of something or someone Synonyms: pengagum, penggemar fan device ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “fan”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Irish == === Etymology === From Middle Irish fanaid, from Old Irish anaid (“to stay, remain, abide”). === Pronunciation === (Munster) IPA(key): /fˠɑn̪ˠ/, /fˠan̪ˠ/ (Connacht, Ulster) IPA(key): /fˠɑnˠ/, /fˠanˠ/ === Verb === fan (present analytic fanann, future analytic fanfaidh, verbal noun fanacht, past participle fanta) to wait to stay ==== Conjugation ==== === Mutation === === References === === Further reading === Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “fanaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 424; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “fan”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN == Istriot == === Etymology === From Latin fāmes. === Noun === fan hunger == Italian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English fan. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈfan/, /ˈfɛn/ Rhymes: -an, -ɛn Hyphenation: fàn ==== Noun ==== fan m or f by sense (plural fans) fan (admirer or follower) === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈfan/ Rhymes: -an Hyphenation: fàn ==== Verb ==== fan apocopic form of fanno === References === == Japanese == === Romanization === fan Rōmaji transcription of ファン == Kanuri == === Verb === fàn+ hear understand feel == Mandarin == === Romanization === fan nonstandard spelling of fān nonstandard spelling of fán nonstandard spelling of fǎn nonstandard spelling of fàn ==== Usage notes ==== Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone. == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English fann, from Latin vannus. Forms in v- are due to a combination of Southern Middle English voicing of initial fricatives and influence from the ultimate Latin etymon. ==== Alternative forms ==== fanne, ffanne, vanne ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /fan/, /van/ ==== Noun ==== fan (plural fannes) A mechanism or device for removing chaff from grain (i.e. winnowing). A training or practice shield manufactured out of twigs or wickerwork. (rare) A fan; a device for blowing air as to cool. ===== Descendants ===== English: fan, van Scots: fan ===== References ===== “fan(ne, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 31 December 2018. === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== fan alternative form of fannen == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English fan, where it was a clipping of fanatic. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /fæn/ ==== Noun ==== fan m (definite singular fanen, indefinite plural fans, definite plural fanane) (countable) a fan (person who is fond of someone or something) === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== fan m (swear word, in juxtapositions) alternative form of faen === References === “fan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Occitan == === Pronunciation === === Verb === fan third-person plural present indicative of faire == Old Dutch == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Germanic *fanē. ==== Preposition ==== fan off, from ===== Descendants ===== Middle Dutch: vanDutch: vanAfrikaans: vanBerbice Creole Dutch: fanJavindo: fanJersey Dutch: vān, fān, f'nNegerhollands: van, fan, fa→ Virgin Islands Creole: famSkepi Creole Dutch: fanLimburgish: ven ===== Further reading ===== “fan”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012 === Etymology 2 === From Proto-West Germanic *fą̄han. ==== Verb ==== fān to catch ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Derived terms ===== anafān antfān bifān ===== Descendants ===== Middle Dutch: vâenDutch: vangenAfrikaans: vangBerbice Creole Dutch: fanggiNegerhollands: vang, faṅSkepi Creole Dutch: fank→ Aukan: fanga→ Sranan Tongo: fanga→ Caribbean Javanese: fangah, mangahLimburgish: vange ==== Further reading ==== “fān”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012 == Old English == === Noun === fan f alternative form of fann == Old Saxon == === Alternative forms === fana, fon === Etymology === From Proto-Germanic *afanē, *fanē, whence also Old High German fon. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fɑn/ === Preposition === fan from Heliand, verse 2984-2985 ==== Descendants ==== Middle Low German: van, von Dutch Low Saxon: van German Low German: van, von, vun Plautdietsch: von ==== References ==== Köbler, Gerhard (2014), Altsächsisches Wörterbuch‎[3] (in German), 5th edition == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English fan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈfan/ Rhymes: -an Syllabification: fan === Noun === fan m pers (female equivalent fanka, related adjective fanowski) fan (person who is fond of something or someone, especially an admirer of a performer or aficionado of a sport) Synonyms: entuzjasta, wielbiciel, miłośnik, zapaleniec ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === fan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN fan in Polish dictionaries at PWN == Rohingya == === Noun === fan betel leaf == Romanian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English fan or French fan. === Noun === fan m (plural fani) fan (admirer, supporter) ==== Declension ==== == Scots == === Conjunction === fan Doric Scots form of whan === Adverb === fan (not comparable) Doric Scots form of whan == Scottish Gaelic == === Etymology === From Middle Irish fanaid (“stays, remains, abides”), from Old Irish anaid. === Verb === fan (past dh'fhan, future fanaidh, verbal noun fantail or fantainn or fanachd) stay, remain wait (much of Argyll) stay, live ==== Synonyms ==== feith fuirich == Spanish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English fan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈfan/ [ˈfãn] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: fan === Noun === fan m or f by sense (plural (proscribed) fans or (less common) fanes) fan Synonyms: aficionado, admirador, entusiasta, fanático, hincha ==== Derived terms ==== === Verb === fan third-person plural present indicative of far === References === === Further reading === “fan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Sranan Tongo == === Etymology === Probably from Ewe ɸā́n (“clear, light”). === Ideophone === fan Signifies whiteness === References === == Swedish == === Etymology 1 === From Old Swedish fænden, from late Old Norse fendinn, perhaps from Old Frisian fandiand, present participle of fandia (“tempt”), from Proto-Germanic *fandōną (“seek, search for, examine”). Cognate with Danish fanden and Norwegian Bokmål faen. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /faːn/, /ˈfaːˌa(ː)n/ Rhymes: -aːn ==== Noun ==== fan c the devil, Satan (offensive, vulgar) a bastard, a motherfucker Synonym: jävel ===== Usage notes ===== Traditionally not capitalized. ===== References ===== On capitalization, from TT ==== Interjection ==== fan (vulgar, sometimes followed by också or preceded by va or vad) damn (referring to the devil) ==== Adverb ==== fan (not comparable) (vulgar) A (positive or negative) intensifier. ===== Usage notes ===== Closer to English fuck than damn in offensiveness. Often said with a doubly emphasized A for emphasis, like "fa-an." ===== Derived terms ===== ==== See also ==== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from English fan, short for fanatic, related to the Swedish words fanatisk and fanatiker. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /fɛːn/ Rhymes: -ɛːn Homophone: fän ==== Noun ==== fan c or n a fan (admirer) ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from Low German fan, used since 1772, closely related to Swedish fana (“flag”). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /fɑːn/ Rhymes: -ɑːn ==== Noun ==== fan n a vane, a web (part of the anatomy of a bird's feather) ===== Declension ===== === References === fan in Svensk ordbok (SO) fan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL) fan in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB) Fula Ordboken == Tboli == === Noun === fan bait == Uzbek == === Etymology === Borrowed from Arabic فَنّ (fann). === Noun === fan (plural fanlar) science ==== Synonyms ==== ilm == Vietnamese == === Etymology === Borrowed from English fan. === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [faːn˧˧] (Huế) IPA(key): [faːŋ˧˧] (Saigon) IPA(key): [faːŋ˧˧] Phonetic spelling: phan === Noun === fan fan (admirer, aficionado) == Welsh == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /van/ Rhymes: -an === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English van. ==== Noun ==== fan f (plural faniau, not mutable) van === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== fan soft mutation of man === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== fan soft mutation of ban === References === R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “fan”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies === Mutation === == West Frisian == === Etymology === From Old Frisian fon, from Proto-Germanic *fanē. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fɔn/ === Preposition === fan from of ==== Further reading ==== “fan (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011 == Yola == === Alternative forms === van, phen === Etymology === From Middle English hwan, from Old English hwonne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /fan/, /van/, /fɛn/ === Adverb === fan when === References === Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 39