dam

== Translingual == === Etymology 1 === From da (“deca-”) +‎ m (“meter”). ==== Symbol ==== dam (metrology) Symbol for decameter (decametre), an SI unit of length equal to 101 meters (metres). === Etymology 2 === Clipping of English Damakawa. ==== Symbol ==== dam (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Damakawa. ==== See also ==== Wiktionary’s coverage of Damakawa terms == English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈdæm/, [ˈdæm] ~ [ˈdam] (Standard Southern British, Midlands) IPA(key): /ˈdam/, [ˈdam] (Northern England, Scotland, Wales) IPA(key): /ˈdam/, [ˈdam] ~ [ˈdäm] (US, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈdæm/ (without æ-raising) IPA(key): [ˈdæm] (æ-raising) IPA(key): [ˈdeə̯m] ~ [ˈdɛə̯m] (Australia) IPA(key): /ˈdæːm/ (without æ-raising) IPA(key): [ˈdæːm] (æ-raising) IPA(key): [ˈdeːm] ~ [ˈdɛːm] (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈdɛm/, [ˈdɛm] Rhymes: -æm Hyphenation: dam Homophone: damn === Etymology 1 === From Middle English dam, from Old English *damm, from Proto-West Germanic *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dams) A structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow or part of the flow, generally for purposes such as retaining or diverting some of the water or retarding the release of accumulated water to avoid abrupt flooding. The water reservoir resulting from placing such a structure. (dentistry) A device to prevent a tooth from getting wet during dental work, consisting of a rubber sheet held with a band. Synonyms: dental dam, oral dam (South Africa, Australia) A reservoir. A firebrick wall, or a stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast furnace. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== dam (third-person singular simple present dams, present participle damming, simple past and past participle dammed) (transitive) To block the flow of water. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Variant of dame. Doublet of domina and donna. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dams) Female parent, mother, generally regarding breeding of animals. A kind of crowned piece in the game of draughts. ===== Coordinate terms ===== (male parent): sire ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === From Hindi दाम (dām), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (damma, “coin”), from Sanskrit द्रम्म (drammá), from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). Doublet of drachm, drachma, and dram. Alternatively said to be possibly coined from the English phrase "I don't give a dam(n)," referring to its small worth. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dams) (historical) (India) An obsolete Indian copper coin, equal to a fortieth of a rupee. A former coin of Nepal, 128 of which were worth one mohar. ==== References ==== === Etymology 4 === Pronunciation spelling of damn. ==== Alternative forms ==== dam' ==== Interjection ==== dam (slang or pronunciation spelling) Damn. ==== Adjective ==== dam (not comparable) (slang or pronunciation spelling) Damn. === Further reading === dam on Wikipedia.Wikipedia dam (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia Dam in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911) === Anagrams === DMA, Mad, MAD, Adm, MDA, Adm., adm., mad, AMD, ADM == Afrikaans == === Etymology === From Dutch dam, from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz. === Pronunciation === === Noun === dam (plural damme) pond, basin dam ==== Derived terms ==== opgaardam studam == Albanian == === Noun === dam m Gheg form of dëm == Arem == === Etymology === From Proto-Vietic *ɗam, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *p(ɗ)am; cognate with Vietnamese năm. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [dam] === Numeral === dam five === Further reading === Michel Ferlus, 2014, Arem, a Vietic Language, Mon-Khmer Studies 43.1-15, page 5 == Azerbaijani == === Etymology 1 === From Old Anatolian Turkish طام (d̥am, dam), from Proto-Turkic *tām. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /dɑm/ ==== Noun ==== dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar) roof hovel, shack dugout cowshed, sheep cote (a structure where animals are held) donuz damı ― pigsty === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Persian دام (“trap”). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /dɑm/ ==== Noun ==== dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar) (figurative) lockup, jail, quod dama basdırmaq ― to lock up, to put in jail (archaic) grid, net (archaic) trap, snare Synonyms: tələ, cələ, duzaq dam qurmaq ― to set a trap === Declension === == Cebuano == === Etymology === From English dam, from Middle English dam, damme, from Old English *dam, *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz. === Noun === dam dam (a structure placed across a flowing body of water to stop the flow) a reservoir == Crimean Tatar == === Noun === dam (accusative [please provide], plural [please provide]) stable roof taste ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== (stable): aran (taste): lezet, nezet, tat, dad == Danish == === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse dammr (“dam”). ==== Noun ==== dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite damme) pond corf, livewell (for storage of live fish under water) ===== Inflection ===== ===== Derived terms ===== dambrug n === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from French jeu de dames (“draughts”). ==== Noun ==== dam c or n draughts, checkers === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from French dame (“lady”). ==== Noun ==== dam c (singular definite dammen, plural indefinite dammer) king (superior piece in draughts) ===== Inflection ===== == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /dɑm/ Hyphenation: dam Homophone: Dam Rhymes: -ɑm === Etymology 1 === From Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-West Germanic *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz. ==== Noun ==== dam m (plural dammen, diminutive dammetje n) dam ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Afrikaans: dam → Caribbean Hindustani: dám → Indonesian: dam (“dam”) → Papiamentu: dam → Saramaccan: dan → Sranan Tongo: dan, dam → Caribbean Javanese: dham === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Middle French dame, from Spanish dama. ==== Noun ==== dam f (plural dammen, no diminutive) (checkers) king (double draught/checker) ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== → Indonesian: dam (“draught/checker(s)”) === Etymology 3 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== dam inflection of dammen: first-person singular present indicative (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative imperative == French == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin damnum. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (predominant) /dam/, (dated) /dɑ̃/, (archaic) /dan/ Homophones: dams (general), dame, dames (form 1), dans, dent, dents (form 2) === Noun === dam m (plural dams) (obsolete except in phrases) damage (religion) damnation ==== Derived terms ==== au grand dam de ==== Related terms ==== damner dommage === References === === Further reading === “dam”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 === Anagrams === AMD == Friulian == === Etymology === From Latin damnum. === Noun === dam m (plural dams) damage ==== Synonyms ==== daneç ==== Related terms ==== danâ == Galician == === Verb === dam (reintegrationist norm) third-person plural present indicative of dar == Garo == === Etymology === Borrowed from Bengali দাম (dam). === Noun === dam price == Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈdam/ [ˈdam] Rhymes: -am Syllabification: dam === Etymology 1 === From Dutch dam (“king (draught/checkers)”), from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dam-dam) (games) draughts (UK), checkers (US) checker (a pattern of alternating colours as on a chessboard) ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Dutch dam (“dam”), from Middle Dutch dam, from Old Dutch dam, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dam-dam) dam (structure placed across a flowing body of water) Synonyms: bendungan, tanggul ==== Compounds ==== === Etymology 3 === From Arabic دَم (dam, “blood”), from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-. ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dam-dam) (Islam) fine (a fee levied as punishment for breaking the law) === Etymology 4 === ==== Symbol ==== dam (metrology) Symbol for decameter (decametre), an SI unit of length equal to 101 meters (metres). === Etymology 5 === ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dam-dam) syllabic abbreviation of daerah militer (“military area”) === Etymology 6 === ==== Noun ==== dam (plural dam-dam) small pangkur to take out the sago === Further reading === “dam”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Irish == === Pronoun === dam (emphatic damsa) alternative form of dom (“for/to me”) == Komo == === Noun === dam honey == Lashi == === Pronunciation === (Waingmaw) IPA(key): [dæm˧˧] (Mongko) IPA(key): [taːm˥˧] Hyphenation: dam === Noun === dam (classifier khyiʼ) plain === Verb === dam (stative) to be flat === References === Qingxia Dai; Jie Li (2007), 勒期语研究 [The study of the Leqi language], Beijing: Central Institute for Nationalities Publishing House, →ISBN, page 303 Hkaw Luk (2017), A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎[3], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), page 165 == Malay == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [dam] Rhymes: -am Hyphenation: dam === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Dutch dam (“king (draught/checkers)”), from Middle French dame, from Old French dame, from Latin domina. ==== Adjective ==== dam (Jawi spelling دم, comparative lebih dam, superlative paling dam) Looking like a checkers board (of a surface). ==== Noun ==== dam (Jawi spelling دم, uncountable) (board games) Draughts, checkers. Synonym: damdam ===== Compounds ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Arabic دَم (dam, “blood”), from Proto-Semitic *dam-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *dam-. ==== Noun ==== dam (Jawi spelling دم, plural dam-dam or dam2) (Islam) A punishment given to someone for breaking certain rules when performing the hajj. === Etymology 3 === Onomatopoeic. ==== Noun ==== dam (Jawi spelling دم, plural dam-dam or dam2) (onomatopoeia) The sound of a drum being beaten. === Etymology 4 === Onomatopoeic, from the sound of taking a whiff of the marijuana. ==== Noun ==== dam (Jawi spelling دم, plural dam-dam or dam2) (Perlis) Marijuana, weed. Synonym: ganja === Further reading === "dam" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017 == Maltese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /daːm/ Rhymes: -aːm === Etymology 1 === From Arabic دَامَ (dāma). ==== Verb ==== dam (imperfect jdum, verbal noun dewm or dewmien or dawmien) to last; to take (time, especially long time) Alternative form: diem Synonym: (imperfect only) jtul ===== Conjugation ===== === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Arabic إِدَام (ʔidām). ==== Noun ==== dam m tallow == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English *damm, from Proto-West Germanic *damm. ==== Alternative forms ==== damme, dame ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /dam/ ==== Noun ==== dam dam (structure to block water) body of water ===== Descendants ===== English: dam Scots: dam ===== References ===== “dam, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== dam alternative form of dame === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== dam (when preceding labials) alternative form of dan == Middle Irish == === Etymology === From Old Irish dam. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /d̪aβ̃/ === Noun === dam m (genitive daim) ox ==== Quotations ==== ==== Descendants ==== Irish: damh Manx: dow Scottish Gaelic: damh === Mutation === === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Mizo == === Etymology === From Proto-Kuki-Chin *dam (“healthy, well”). === Adjective === dam alive well, in good health ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “dam”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society == Mokilese == === Etymology === From Proto-Micronesian *Sama (“outrigger float”), from Proto-Oceanic *saman (“outrigger”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saʀman (“outrigger”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdam/ === Noun === dam (nautical) outrigger (by metaphorical extension) wife ==== Possessive forms ==== === References === Harrison, Sheldon P.; Albert, Salich Y. (1977), Mokilese-English Dictionary‎[4], Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 47 == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology 1 === From Danish dam, from Old Norse dammr m, damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?]. ==== Noun ==== dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammer, definite plural dammene) a pond a dam (structure) ===== Synonyms ===== demning (structure) === Etymology 2 === From French jeu de dames. ==== Noun ==== dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammer, definite plural dammene) the game of checkers (US) or draughts (UK) === References === “dam” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology 1 === From Middle Norwegian dammr m, from Old Norse damm n. The meaning dam (structure) probably comes from Middle Low German [Term?]. ==== Noun ==== dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammar, definite plural dammane) a pond a dam (structure) ===== Synonyms ===== demning (structure) === Etymology 2 === From French jeu de dames. ==== Noun ==== dam m (definite singular dammen, indefinite plural dammar, definite plural dammane) the game of checkers (US) or draughts (UK) === References === “dam” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Occitan == === Alternative forms === ab (Gard) amb (Languedoc) ambé (Provençal) dab (Gascony) damb (Gascony) emb (Limousin) embé (Provençal) === Pronunciation === === Adverb === dam (Gascony) (accompaniment) with 2012, Joan-Pau Ferré, Eth Arrestoth, 2014, Éditions des Régionalismes, Cressé, page 12. == Old Irish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈd̪aβ̃/ === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Celtic *damos, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”) (compare Albanian dem (“bullock”), Persian دام (dâm, “livestock”), Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Old Irish daimid (“to allow, give in”), Latin domō, English tame). ==== Noun ==== dam m (genitive daim) ox stag (by extension) hero, champion ===== Declension ===== ===== Quotations ===== c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10d6 ===== Derived terms ===== damán m (“calf”) ===== Descendants ===== Middle Irish: damIrish: damhManx: dowScottish Gaelic: damh ==== Noun ==== dam f hind, cow (old feminine form of previous) === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== dam second-person singular imperative of daimid ==== Verb ==== ·dam inflection of daimid: third-person singular present indicative conjunct first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct === Etymology 3 === ==== Pronoun ==== dam alternative form of dom (“to/for me”) === Mutation === === Further reading === Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 dam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language == Polish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdam/ Rhymes: -am Syllabification: dam === Verb === dam first-person singular future of dać === Noun === dam genitive plural of dama == Rohingya == === Alternative forms === 𐴊𐴝𐴔𐴢 (dam) — Hanifi Rohingya script === Etymology === From Magadhi Prakrit 𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫 (damma), from Sanskrit দ্ৰম্ম (drámma), borrowed from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). Cognate with Bengali দাম (dam). === Noun === dam (Hanifi spelling 𐴊𐴝𐴔𐴢) price Synonyms: dor, kimot == Romanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دام (dam), from Old Turkic [script needed] (tam), from Proto-Turkic *tām. === Noun === dam n (plural damuri) cowshed ==== Declension ==== == San Juan Guelavía Zapotec == === Noun === dam owl === References === López Antonio, Joaquín; Jones, Ted; Jones, Kris (2012), Vocabulario breve del Zapoteco de San Juan Guelavía‎[5] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Tlalpan, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 14, 23, 40 == Sumerian == === Romanization === dam romanization of 𒁮 (dam) == Swedish == === Etymology === From French dame. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /dɑːm/ === Noun === dam c a lady ((respectful way to refer to a) woman – similar tone to English in different contexts) Coordinate term: herre a woman (idiomatically, in some contexts, for example women's clothing and women's sports – often paired with herre as a respectful term for a man) (informal, in "damernas" (the ladies')) the ladies' room, the ladies' (short for damernas toalett) Synonym: damtoaletten Coordinate term: herrarnas (board games) checkers, draughts Synonym: damspel (card games, chess, checkers) a queen Synonym: drottning ruter dam ― queen of diamonds ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== (in chess): drottning (checkers): damspel ==== Derived terms ==== === See also === parant === References === “dam”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “dam”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “dam”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) == Turkish == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish طام (dam), from Proto-Turkic *tām. Cognate with Uyghur تام (tam, “wall”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈdam/ Rhymes: -am === Noun === dam (definite accusative damı, plural damlar) roof cowshed, sheep cote (a structure where animals are held) (figurative, informal) lockup, jail ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == Uzbek == === Etymology === Borrowed from Classical Persian دَم (dam). === Noun === dam (plural damlar) moment, second == Vietnamese == === Etymology === See đam. ‹d› here is the result of lenition (Proto-Vietic *k-t- > Middle Vietnamese ‹d› /ð/ > Modern Vietnamese ‹d›). === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zaːm˧˧] (Huế) IPA(key): [jaːm˧˧] (Saigon) IPA(key): [jaːm˧˧] === Noun === (classifier con) dam alternative form of đam (“freshwater crab”) == Zoogocho Zapotec == === Noun === dam owl === References === Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000), Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎[8] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 215