czuć

== Old Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čùti. First attested in the 14th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /t͡ʃʲut͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /t͡ʃʲut͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === czuć impf (perfective poczuć or uczuć) (attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands, Masovia, Sieradz-Łęczyca) to stay awake, to stay up (attested in Lesser Poland, Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland) to watch over, to guard (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) to keep vigil (attested in Masovia) to try, to attempt (intransitive or reflexive with się, attested in Masovia) to know; to think, to suppose, to opine (attested in Masovia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland) to sense, to feel (to detect with one's senses) (hapax legomenon) to feel; to predict; to forefeel, to presage (to have a feeling something will happen) (attested in Lesser Poland, Silesia) The meaning of this term is uncertain. The meaning of this term is uncertain. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: czuć Silesian: czuć === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “czuć”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “czuć”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego Mańczak, Witold (2017), “czuć”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “czuć”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “czuć”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “czuć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN Ewa Deptuchowa, et al., editors (2023), “czuć”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish czuć. Cognate with English show and caution. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ut͡ɕ Syllabification: czuć === Verb === czuć impf (perfective poczuć) (transitive) to feel, to sense (to perceive with one's senses) Synonyms: odczuwać, uczuwać (transitive) to smell (to sense with the nose) Synonym: wąchać (transitive) to taste (to sense with the tongue) (transitive, Malbork, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Western Kraków, Miechów, Southern Borderlands, Drohobych) to hear (to suspect or realize that something will happen) Synonym: słyszeć (transitive) to feel (to experience or have a particular emotion) [with do (+ genitive) ‘for/towards whom’] Synonyms: mieć, odczuwać, uczuwać, żywić (transitive) to feel (to suspect or realize that something is happening) Synonym: odczuwać (transitive) to feel (to suspect or realize that something will happen) Synonym: przeczuwać Tak żem czuł... ― I had a feeling that that was going to happen... (intransitive, obsolete or dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Wolęcin, Kuyavia, Kowal, Rakutowo, Northern Greater Poland, Gniezno, Rogowo, Żnin, Ostróda, Kraplewo, Masuria, Szczytno, Jeruty, Rozogi, Near Masovian, Gostynin, Sierakówek, Łowicz, Złaków Kościelny, Kielce, Pierzchnica, Western Kraków, Kłobuck, Truskolasy) to stay up (to not sleep) Synonym: czuwać (transitive, Middle Polish) to be alert or attentive; to try, to strive; to take care of, to look after; to guard, to defend (Middle Polish) to feel; Further details are uncertain. (reflexive with się) to feel (to experience an emotion or other mental state) (reflexive with się) to feel like (to consider oneself as having traits particular to some group, personality, etc.) [with instrumental ‘like who’] Synonym: uważać się (reflexive with się, Kielce) to be aware of [with do (+ genitive) ‘of what’] Synonym: poczuwać się (reflexive with się, obsolete) to be conscious (reflexive with się, Middle Polish, expressive) to feel (to suspect or realize that something will happen) (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to realize (to become aware of) Synonyms: uświadamiać się, zdawać sobie sprawę (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be on guard; to think carefully; to look after; to try, to take care of === Verb === czuć impf (transitive) to feel (to know well, typically by intuition) (transitive) to forefeel, to presage, to sense ==== Conjugation ==== === Verb === czuć impf (impersonal) to smell (to emit a particular smell, especially a bad one) [with accusative or od (+ genitive) ‘who/what smells’, along with instrumental ‘of what’] (impersonal) to be felt (to be sensed) (impersonal) to be felt (to be detected as a particular thing or person) [with accusative or od (+ genitive) ‘who/what feels’, along with instrumental ‘as what’] Czuć było, że jesteś Polakiem. ― I could tell that you were a Pole. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Synonyms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), czuć is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2 times in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 3 times in essays, 42 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 812th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === Modern Standard Polish: “czuć”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[48] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “czuć się”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[49] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “czuć”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[50] (in Polish) czuć in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego czuć się in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego Middle Polish: Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “czuć”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “czuć się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “CZUĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 28.02.2019 “CZUĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 16.01.2015 Historic dictionaries: Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “czuć”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “czuć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “czuć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 404 Dialectal dictionaries: Jan Karłowicz (1900), “czuć”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 289 == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish czuć. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʂut͡ɕ/ Rhymes: -ut͡ɕ Syllabification: czuć === Verb === czuć impf (perfective poczuć) (transitive) to feel (to sense using touch or neurons) (reflexive with sie) to feel (to experience an emotion or other mental state) ==== Conjugation ==== === Verb === czuć impf (impersonal) to smell (to emit a particular smell, especially a bad one) ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === czuc in dykcjonorz.eu czuć in silling.org czuć_sie in silling.org czuć_czym in silling.org Aleksandra Wencel (2023), “cuć”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 129 Aleksandra Wencel (2023), “cuć śe”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 129