czesać

== Polish == === Alternative forms === czosać, czosać się (Middle Polish) czosać się (Central Greater Poland, Poznań Voivodeship) cosać (Eastern Kraków, Janowice, Tarnów County) cesać (Zagórze) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish czosać. The change of regular -o- > -e- is due to morphological leveling with present tense forms. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɛsat͡ɕ Syllabification: cze‧sać === Verb === czesać impf (perfective uczesać) (transitive) to comb; to brush (to untangle hair, fur, etc. by running something, e.g. a comb or brush, through it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] Antonyms: burzyć, rozwichrzać, targać, wichrzyć, zwichrzać (transitive) to comb; to brush; to do (to style one's hair) (transitive, imperfective only) to comb (to clean and smooth fiber or products made of fiber or other material; to separate better fiber from worse fiber) [with instrumental ‘with what’] (transitive, colloquial) to comb (to search a place thoroughly) Synonym: przeczesywać Perfective: przeczesać (intransitive, obsolete) to trot (to move quickly; to run) (transitive, obsolete, rare or Northern Borderlands, Lithuania) to sharpen; to whet Synonyms: ciosać, strugac, zaostrzać (transitive, obsolete, rare) to beat, to thrash; to train Synonyms: see Thesaurus:bić (transitive, obsolete, rare) to cheat; to scam Synonyms: oszukiwać, oszwabiać (transitive, Middle Polish) to comb; to brush (to clean clothes or carpet from dust or dirt with a brush) (transitive, Middle Polish) to scale (to remove the scales of a fish) (transitive, Middle Polish) to scratch Synonym: drapać (reflexive with się) to comb oneself; to brush oneself (to untangle one's own hair, fur, etc. by running something, e.g. a comb or brush, through it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] (reflexive with się) to have done (to use the services of a hairdresser) (reflexive with się) to do (to have a hairstyle or style one's own hair) (reflexive with się, obsolete) to scratch oneself Synonym: drapać się ==== Conjugation ==== The Western Kraków dialect (Skawina) shows the third-person singular present form czesa. ==== Derived terms ==== === References === === Further reading === Modern Standard Polish: “czesać”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “czesać się”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “czesać”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish) Zygmunt Saloni, et al., editors (2020), “czesać”, in Słownik gramatyczny języka polskiego [Grammatical Dictionary of Polish]‎[4], 4. online edition, Warszawa Middle Polish: Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “czosać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “czosać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Włodzimierz Gruszczyński (22.03.2022), “CZESAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century] Historic dictionaries: Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “czesać”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “czesać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “czesać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 389 Dialectal dictionaries: Jan Karłowicz (1900), “czesać”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 282