czekać

== Old Polish == === Alternative forms === czakać === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čekati. First attested in the beginning of the 14th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /t͡ʃʲɛkat͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /t͡ʃʲɛkat͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === czekać impf (attested in Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) to wait [with genitive ‘what/whom’ and od (+ genitive) ‘from whom’ and infinitive ‘to do what’] to delay, to put off (attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: czekać, trzkać, trzékać (Krajna, Margonin), cekać (Łowicz), cakać (Żywiec, Sopotnia Mała) Silesian: czekać, czakać (Southern Silesian) === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “czekać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “czekać”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego Mańczak, Witold (2017), “czekać”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “czekać”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “czekać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN == Polish == === Alternative forms === trzkać, trzékać (Krajna, Margonin) cekać (Łowicz) cakać (Żywiec, Sopotnia Mała) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish czekać. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɛkat͡ɕ Syllabification: cze‧kać === Verb === czekać impf (intransitive) to wait (to delay movement or action until the arrival or occurrence of) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for/on what/whom’; or with aż (+ future-tense clause) ‘until what happens’; or with żeby (+ past-tense clause) ‘for someone to do something’] Synonym: oczekiwać (intransitive) to wait, to await (to expect with hope or worry) [with na (+ accusative) or (Kuyavia, Kołuda Wielka, Tuczno, Northern Greater Poland, Modliszewsko, Central Greater Poland, Poznań, Kościan, Southern Greater Poland, Leszno, Gostyń, Śmigiel, from German) za (+ instrumental) ‘for/on what/whom’; or with genitive ‘whom/what’; or with żeby (+ past-tense clause) ‘for someone to do something’] Synonym: oczekiwać Czekam na ciebie. ― I'm waiting for you. Czekałem na nią. ― I've been waiting for her. (intransitive) to wait (to delay or put off action) [with na (+ accusative) ‘on what’; or with z (+ instrumental) ‘with what’] Synonym: wyczekiwać (intransitive, of objects) to wait (to need a particular action to occur) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for/on what/whom’; or with żeby (+ past-tense clause) ‘for someone to do something’] Synonym: oczekiwać (intransitive, of things or places) to wait (to be ready to be used or occupies) [with na (+ accusative) ‘on whom’] Synonym: oczekiwać (intransitive) to lie ahead, to lie in store [with genitive or na (+ accusative) ‘for whom/what’] Synonym: oczekiwać Nie wiem, co nas czeka. ― I don't know what the future holds. (Middle Polish) to wait; Further details are uncertain. ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), czekać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 4 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 11 times in essays, 79 times in fiction, and 82 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 184 times, making it the 309th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “czekać”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[9] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “czekać”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[10] (in Polish) Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “czekać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “czekać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “CZEKAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.01.2015 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “czekać”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “czekać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “czekać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 380 Jan Karłowicz (1900), “czekać”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 276 czekać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego == Silesian == === Alternative forms === czakać (Southern Silesian) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish czekać. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʂɛ.kat͡ɕ/ Rhymes: -ɛkat͡ɕ Syllabification: cze‧kać === Verb === czekać impf (intransitive) to wait (to delay movement or action until the arrival or occurrence of) ==== Conjugation ==== === Further reading === czekać in silling.org