cuius

== Latin == === Etymology 1 === From the earlier quoius (the standard spelling until the early Empire), either from Proto-Italic *kʷojjos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷosyo secondarily marked with the gen. sg. *-s, or from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-s-yo-s, a thematic adjective like Ancient Greek ποῖος (poîos, “of what sort?”) and Oscan púiiu (“cuia”), púiieh (“cuius”). The latter is more likely, since if the adjectival use had been a later development, it is hard to explain why eius, with its adjective counterpart suus, did not share this development. This genitive formation (probably original in pronouns) also appears in nominal forms like VALESIOSIO (on the Lapis Satricanus, early 5th c. BC), but in these it was ultimately displaced by -ī. ==== Alternative forms ==== cujus, cuiius, cuijus, cujjus (typographic variants) quoius, quoiius, quoijus (Republican spelling) ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkʊj.jʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈkuː.jus] Note: although the first vowel is a short /u/, it is often spelled with a macron in sources that use macrons to indicate long syllables rather than long vowels. The first syllable is made long by its final [j]. ==== Pronoun ==== cuius (relative) genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quī ==== Determiner ==== cuius (interrogative) genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quī ===== Descendants ===== →⇒ Italian: cuiusso === Etymology 2 === See Etymology 1. ==== Pronoun ==== cuius (interrogative) genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of quis === Etymology 3 === Depending on Etymology 1, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-s-yo-s (“of what kind”), or less likely a reinterpretation of the genitive. These forms were considered rustic by some and even mocked (see example), yet survive into Romance. ==== Determiner ==== cuius (feminine cuia, neuter cuium); first/second-declension determiner (interrogative) whose? (relative) whose ===== Declension ===== First/second-declension adjective. ===== Descendants ===== Galician: cuxo Portuguese: cujo Sardinian: cuju Old Spanish: cuyo Spanish: cuyo === References === === Further reading === “cujus (1)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “cujus (2)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “cuius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “cujus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.