come

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /kʌm/, [kʰʌm] ~ [kʰɐm], enPR: kŭm (General American) IPA(key): /kʌm/, [kʰʌm], enPR: kŭm IPA(key): [kəm], [km̩], [km] (rapid speech, as in c'mon) (Northern England, Dublin, Cork) IPA(key): /kʊm/ Homophone: cum Rhymes: -ʌm === Etymology 1 === From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step; to arrive”), from *gʷem- (“to come, step”). ==== Alternative forms ==== coom (pronunciation spelling) ==== Verb ==== come (third-person singular simple present comes, present participle coming, simple past came or (dialectal) come, past participle come or (dialectal) came or comen) (intransitive) To move nearer to the point of perspective. To move toward the speaker. To move toward the listener. To move toward the object that is the focus of the sentence. (in subordinate clauses and gerunds) To move toward the agent or subject of the main clause. To move toward an unstated agent. (intransitive) To arrive. (intransitive) To appear; to manifest itself; to cause a reaction by manifesting. (with an infinitive) To begin (to have an opinion or feeling). (with an infinitive) To do something by chance or unintentionally. (intransitive) To take a position relative to something else in a sequence. (intransitive, often vulgar, slang) To achieve orgasm; to cum; to ejaculate. (intransitive, of milk) To become butter by being churned. (copulative, figuratively) To approach or reach a state of being or accomplishment. (figuratively, with to) To take a particular approach or point of view in regard to something. (copulative, fossil word) To become, to turn out to be (often in set phrases and certain collocations). Near-synonyms: become, get, go, turn, fall, grow, wax (intransitive) To be supplied, or made available; to exist. (slang) To carry through; to succeed in. (intransitive) To happen. Synonyms: come about, occur, take place (intransitive, with from or sometimes of) To have as an origin, originate. To have a certain social background. To be or have been a resident or native. To have been brought up by or employed by. To begin (at a certain location); to radiate or stem (from). (intransitive, of grain) To germinate. (transitive, informal) To pretend to be; to behave in the manner of; to assume the role of. ===== Usage notes ===== In its general sense, come specifically marks motion towards the deictic centre, (whether explicitly stated or not). Its counterpart, usually referring to motion away from or not involving the deictic centre, is go. For example, the sentence "Come to the tree" implies contextually that the speaker is already at the tree — "Go to the tree" often implies that the speaker is elsewhere. Either the speaker or the listener can be the deictic centre — the sentences "I will go to you" and "I will come to you" are both valid, depending on the exact nuances of the context. When there is no clear speaker or listener, the deictic centre is usually the focus of the sentence or the topic of the piece of writing. "Millions of people came to America from Europe" would be used in an article about America, but "Millions of people went to America from Europe" would be used in an article about Europe. When used with adverbs of location, come is usually paired with here or hither. In interrogatives, come usually indicates a question about source — "Where are you coming from?" — while go indicates a question about destination — "Where are you going?" or "Where are you going to?" A few old texts use comen as the past participle. Also, in some dialects, like rural Scots and rural Midlands dialects, the form comen is still occasionally in use, so phrases like the following can still be encountered there — Sa thoo bist comen heyr to nim min 'orse frae mee, then? [sä ðuː bɪst cʊmn̩ hiər tə nɪm miːn ɔːrs frə miː | d̪ɛn] (so you have come here to steal my horse from me, then?). Formerly the verb be was used as the auxiliary instead of have, for example, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him. The collocations come with and come along mean accompany, used as "Do you want to come with me?" and "Do you want to come along?" In the Midwestern American dialect, "come with" can occur without a following object, as in "Do you want to come with?" In this dialect, "with" can also be used in this way with some other verbs, such as "take with". Examples of this may be found in plays by Chicagoan David Mamet, such as American Buffalo. This objectless use is not permissible in other dialects. The meaning in the sense of to ejaculate or orgasm is often considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts. ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Antonyms ===== leave, go, depart, exit, withdraw, retreat, flee ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== c'mere c'min c'mon ===== Descendants ===== Solombala English: комъ (kom) ===== Translations ===== ===== See also ===== cam'st kingdom come ==== Noun ==== come (uncountable) (obsolete) Coming, arrival; approach. (vulgar, slang) Semen (vulgar, slang) Female ejaculatory discharge. ===== Usage notes ===== The meaning of semen or female ejaculatory discharge is considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts. ===== Derived terms ===== cum ==== Preposition ==== come Used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs. ===== Usage notes ===== Came is sometimes used instead when the events occurred in the past. ===== Derived terms ===== odd-come-short ==== Interjection ==== come (dated or formal) An exclamation to express annoyance. (dated or formal) An exclamation to express encouragement, or to precede a request. === Etymology 2 === See comma. ==== Noun ==== come (plural comes) (typography, obsolete) Alternative form of comma in its medieval use as a middot ⟨·⟩ serving as a form of colon. === References === === See also === come stà (etymologically unrelated) === Anagrams === ECMO, MECO, meco- == Asturian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkome/ [ˈko.me] Rhymes: -ome Syllabification: co‧me === Verb === come third-person singular present indicative of comer === Adverb === come alternative form of como === Conjunction === come alternative form of como == Chavacano == === Etymology === Inherited from Spanish comer (“to eat”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /koˈme/, [koˈme] Hyphenation: co‧me === Verb === comé to eat == Galician == === Verb === come inflection of comer: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative == Italian == === Alternative forms === com' (apocopic, sometimes before a vowel) com, con (apocopic, obsolete) comed (archaic, before vowels) === Etymology === Inherited from Late Latin quōmodo et. === Pronunciation === (how) IPA(key): /ˈko.me/, (traditional) /ˈko.me/* (like) IPA(key): /ˈko.me/* Rhymes: -ome Hyphenation: có‧me === Adverb === come how Come stai? ― How are you? (informal) Come sta? ― How are you? (formal) as, like blu come il mare ― as blue as the sea such as ==== Derived terms ==== come mai come no come se === Conjunction === come as soon as come arrivò… ― as soon as he arrived… ==== Derived terms ==== come non detto === Further reading === come in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana come in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI) === Anagrams === meco == Latin == === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkoː.mɛ] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈkɔː.me] === Adjective === cōme nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of cōmis === References === “come”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English cyme, from Proto-West Germanic *kumi, from Proto-Germanic *kumiz. The predominance of /u/, /oː/ is due to the influence of the related verb comen. ==== Alternative forms ==== cume, coom, coome kime, keome (Early Middle English) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈkum(ə)/, /ˈkoːm(ə)/ ==== Noun ==== come (plural comes) arrival, coming ===== Descendants ===== English: come (obsolete) Scots: come ==== References ==== “cǒme, cọ̄me, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Etymology 2 === From Old English cuma, from cuman (“to come”). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈkum(ə)/ ==== Noun ==== come (plural comes) guest, stranger ==== References ==== “cǒme, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== come alternative form of coumb === Etymology 4 === ==== Noun ==== come alternative form of comb == Old English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkoː.me/ Rhymes: -oː.me === Verb === cōme alternative spelling of cwōme == Old French == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Late Latin quōmodo et. ==== Alternative forms ==== comme, conme con, cum ==== Adverb ==== come how as, like ===== Derived terms ===== coment ===== Descendants ===== Middle French: commeFrench: comme Norman: comme, coumme ==== References ==== “come1”, in DEAF: Dictionnaire Étymologique de l'Ancien Français, Heidelberg: Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1968-. === Etymology 2 === From Latin coma. ==== Noun ==== come oblique singular, f (oblique plural comes, nominative singular come, nominative plural comes) head of hair, mane ===== Descendants ===== Middle French: come ==== References ==== Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “cŏma”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, page 935 == Portuguese == === Pronunciation === Hyphenation: co‧me === Verb === come inflection of comer: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkome/ [ˈko.me] Rhymes: -ome Syllabification: co‧me === Verb === come inflection of comer: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative == Yola == === Verb === come alternative form of coome === References === Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 41