cūka

== Latvian == === Etymology === From Proto-Baltic *kyaw-, *kyū-, from a palatalized version (perhaps by onomatopoeia, by imitating this animal's sound) of Proto-Indo-European *kew-, *kū- (“to howl, to shout; cf. kaukt “to howl””). A parallel, non-palatalized version is probably reflected in placenames like Kūkas, perhaps originally a region with many wild boars. An even further palatalized version (where *ky > *ḱ > *š > Latvian s) may have given rise to placenames like Sauka, or, with a different suffix, to placenames in -saule like Jaunsaule, perhaps even to Lithuanian Šiauliai̇̃. A different (minoritary) theory derives čūka from an earlier *sūka, borrowed from Slavic (cf. Russian су́ка (súka)); another (minoritary) viewpoint connects cūka to imitative words used to call pigs, like Russian чух (čux)!, чух-чух (čux-čux)!, Belarusian, Ukrainian ацю! (acju!), Polish a ciu!, Latvian c̆uk-c̆uk!, Lithuanian čiùk-čiùk!, čiū́k-čiū́k! Cognates include Lithuanian dialectal čiūkà, kūkà, also čiūkùtis, kūkùtis (“piglet”), Russian dialectal чу́ха (čúxa), чухна́ (čuxná, “pig”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈt͡sūːka] === Noun === cũka f (4th declension) pig (esp. Sus scrofa domesticus) mājas cūka ― domestic pig vaislas cūka ― breeding pig meža cūka ― wild boar (lit. forest pig) cūka kviec, rukšķ ― the pig is squeaking, squealing cūku kūts, aizgalds ― pig pen, pigsty cūku šķirnes ― pig breed cūku tauki ― lard (lit. pig fat) nobarot cūku ― to fatten a pig kaut cūku ― to slaughter a pig cūkas gaļa, cūkgaļa ― pig meat (= pork) cūka viņu sagaidīja sīkiem rukšķiem ― the pig greeted him with small squeals female pig, sow cūka ar sivēniem ― the sow with the piglets (figuratively) pig (a dirty, unhygienic person; also, a villainous man; colloquially also an unattractive female) viņu nosauca pazīstamu cilvēku klātbūtnē par cūku ― he was called a pig in the presence of people he knew (only plural) the name of a certain card game “cūkas” jeb “duraki” ir kāršu spēle, kuras mērķis ir atbrīvoties no rokās esošajām kārtīm ― “pigs,” or “fools,” is a card game whose objective it is to get rid of all the cards in one's hands ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== cūciņa (“piglet”) cūcisks (“piggish”) cūkāda (“pigskin”) cūkdelfīns (“porpoise”) cūkgaļa, cūkas gaļa (“pork”) cūkgans (“swineherd”) cūknātre (“figwort”) ==== See also ==== kuilis sivēns === References ===