-ler

== German == === Etymology === From rebracketing of stems ending in -l and the suffix -er, in words like Sattler, Ziegler, and in derivations from diminutive verbs in -eln. === Pronunciation === === Suffix === -ler m (strong, genitive -lers, plural -ler) Used to create nouns linking a person (or thing) to some group, activity, object; similar to -er, but usually attached to nouns, not verbs. ==== Usage notes ==== When used to create nouns referring to people, it often has a dismissive or mildly derogatory tone. Hausbesetzler (“one who takes over a building, squatter”) for example indicates that the speaker disdains the squatter or does not consider the cause serious, while Hausbesetzer is a neutral descriptor. ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === Bastian Sick (2005), “Von Protestlern, Widerständlern und Abweichlern”, in Der Dativ ist dem Genitiv sein Tod, volume 1, page 160 == Greenlandic == === Pronunciation === (Nuuk) IPA(key): /-lir/, [-lɜʁ] === Suffix === -ler (n-v?, truncative?) provides with aki (“currency, price”) -> akilerpaa (“pays”) ateq (“name”) -> atserpaa (“names, gives a name to”) ==== Usage notes ==== Sometimes fusioning. When used intransitively, may have a reflexive meaning. ==== Derived terms ==== === Suffix === -ler (v-v?, truncative?) has begun to [verb], is about to [verb], is in the process of [verb]ing ==== Further reading ==== Bjørnum, S.: Grønlandsk Grammatik, p. 241. Atuagkat 2003. === References === -ler in Katersat Bjørnum, S.: Grønlandsk Grammatik, p. 240. Atuagkat 2003. == Turkish == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish ـلر, ultimately from Proto-Common Turkic *-ler, a plural suffix which is absent from Proto-Turkic. Found as Old Turkic [script needed] (-lar) (back variant) but not found in the sister Oghur branch (compare Chuvash -сем (-sem), Bulgar ـڛَم), where it descended from *sāyïn (“every”). The Chuvash plural suffix, however, lacks vowel harmony unlike other suffixes. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /leɾ/, (before vowels or at end of speech) [leɾ], (before consonants) [læɾ] === Suffix === -ler Used to form plurals of nouns. ‎çiçek (“flower”) + ‎-ler → ‎çiçekler (“flowers”) Bu ülkede daima Mustafa Kemaller olacak. ― There will always be people like Mustafa Kemal in this country. Teyzemlere gideceğiz. ― We will go to my aunt's (home). ==== Derived terms ====