-ius

== Translingual == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin -ius. === Suffix === -ius Latinizing suffix suffix for making genera eponymous of a male person ==== Derived terms ==== == Latin == === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [i.ʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [i.us] (stressed on the antepenult) === Etymology 1 === From Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-jos, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos). ==== Suffix ==== -ius (feminine -ia, neuter -ium); first/second-declension suffix forming adjectives from nouns found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens) (New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames ===== Usage notes ===== The suffix -ius is added to a noun to form an adjective indicating "made of" or "belonging to" that noun. Examples: ‎pater (“father”) + ‎-ius → ‎patrius (“paternal”) ‎rēx (“king, ruler”) + ‎-ius → ‎rēgius (“kingly, royal”) ‎uxor (“wife”) + ‎-ius → ‎uxōrius (“uxorious”) ‎papȳrus (“papyrus”) + ‎-ius → ‎papȳrius (“made of papyrus”) In taxonomics, out of analogy with ancient Roman nomina gentilicia, this suffix is added to surnames ending in a consonant other than the ending -er and, sometimes, replacing a mute final -e. Examples: ‎French Descartes + ‎-ius → ‎Cartesius ‎German Leibniz + ‎-ius → ‎Leibnitius ‎German Schmalz + ‎-ius → ‎Smalcius ‎English Shakespeare + ‎-ius → ‎Shakespeārius ===== Declension ===== First/second-declension adjective. ===== Synonyms ===== -āceus -āneus -ticus ===== Derived terms ===== -ium ===== Descendants ===== Catalan: -i Italian: -io Portuguese: -io Spanish: -io ==== References ==== “-ius” on page 986/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82) === Etymology 2 === See -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees). Doublet of -ius (forming adverbs). ==== Suffix ==== -ius nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of -ior === Etymology 3 === From Proto-Italic *-jos. Doublet of -ius (adjectival ending). ==== Suffix ==== -ius (not comparable) forms comparative adverbs === Etymology 4 === From Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s. ==== Suffix ==== -ius the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns quī: cuius hic: huius ūnus: ūnī̆us alter: alterī̆us (alongside alterī, alterae) ===== Usage notes ===== Like 3d- and 4th-declension, and unlike 1st- and 2nd-declension forms, has one form for all genders. A gendered adjective option also exists for cuius.