-isch

== Dutch == === Alternative forms === -ies === Etymology === Borrowed from German -isch. The native Dutch cognates are -s, earlier -sch. The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/.) More at -ish. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /is/ (Some southern dialects) IPA(key): /ɪs/ === Suffix === -isch -ic, -ian fantastisch ― fantastic utopisch ― utopian ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Afrikaans: -ies → Indonesian: -is === References === == German == === Etymology === Inherited from Middle High German -isch. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɪʃ/ (standard) IPA(key): /əʃ/ (variant in common speech) === Suffix === -isch an adjectival suffix, often matching -ic and -ical of a nationality, or the language associated with a nationality; often matches -ish or -ian ==== Usage notes ==== In adjectives borrowed from Latin, French or Greek, it typically replaces the original adjectival ending -icus, -ique or -ικός (-ikós). This replacement does not happen when the same term is borrowed as a noun, such as in Dynamik, in contrast to the associated adjective dynamisch. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Dutch: -isch, -iesAfrikaans: -ies→ Indonesian: -is === See also === -'sch, -sch -lich -ig == Middle English == === Suffix === -isch alternative form of -yssh == Middle High German == === Etymology === Inherited from Old High German -isc. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /iʃ/ === Suffix === -isch used to form adjectives ‎alp (“elf”) + ‎-isch → ‎elbisch (“elven”) used to form demonyms ‎Ītālia (“Italy”) + ‎-isch → ‎ītālisch (“Italian”) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== German: -isch→ Dutch: -isch, -iesAfrikaans: -ies→ Indonesian: -is Central Franconian: Hunsrik: -isch Luxembourgish: -esch Vilamovian: -yś Yiddish: ־יש (-ish)