-aeth

== Welsh == === Alternative forms === -iaeth === Etymology === Inherited from Middle Welsh -aeth, from Proto-Brythonic *-aɨθ, from Insular Celtic *-axtā, suffixal use of Proto-Celtic *axtā. Cognate with Cornish -eth, Breton -ezh, Irish -acht, Scottish Gaelic -achd and Manx -aght. === Pronunciation === (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA(key): /aɨ̯θ/ (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɛθ/, /aθ/ (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ai̯θ/ (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ɛθ/ === Suffix === -aeth f (plural -aethau) Forms abstract nouns. ‎aelod (“member”) + ‎-aeth → ‎aelodaeth (“membership”) ‎cyflog (“wage”) + ‎-aeth → ‎cyflogaeth (“employment”) ‎meddyg (“doctor”) + ‎-aeth → ‎meddygaeth (“medicine”) ‎amau (“to doubt”) + ‎-aeth → ‎amheuaeth (“doubt”) territory controlled by, -ship, -age, -y, -dom ‎ymherodr (“emperor”) + ‎-aeth → ‎ymerodraeth (“empire”) ‎esgob (“bishop”) + ‎-aeth → ‎esgobaeth (“diocese, bishopric”) ==== Usage notes ==== With names of leaders, -aeth can be both concrete and abstract, for instance iarllaeth (“earldom”) is both the rank of being an earl and the territory controlled by one. Most nouns in -aeth are feminine. Common exceptions are gwasanaeth (“service”) and hiraeth (“longing, homesickness”). ==== Derived terms ==== === References === R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “-aeth”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies Morris Jones, John (1913), A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 143 iii 2