ésser

== Catalan == === Alternative forms === esse, esser, ser === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Catalan ésser from Early Medieval Latin essere, which derived from Latin esse. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): (Northern) [ˈe̞.sə] IPA(key): (Balearic, Central) [ˈe.sə] IPA(key): (Valencia) [ˈe.seɾ] IPA(key): (Northwestern) [ˈe.se] ==== Verb ==== ésser (first-person singular present soc, first-person singular preterite fui, past participle estat or sigut); root stress: (Northern) /e̞/; (Balearic, Central, Northwestern, Valencia) /e/ (copulative) to be to exist, to be real, to be reality ===== Usage notes ===== Ésser in the sense of "to be" is used for a characteristic of a person or object. See also: estar. Soc britànic, és catalana. ― I'm British, she's Catalan. L'or és groc. ― Gold is yellow. Ésser + past participle forms the passive voice. Era pagat per la Generalitat. ― I was paid by the Generalitat. ===== Conjugation ===== === Etymology 2 === Nominalization of Etymology 1. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): (Northern) [ˈe̞.sər] IPA(key): (Balearic) unknown IPA(key): (Central) [ˈe.sər] IPA(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈe.ser] ==== Noun ==== ésser m (plural éssers) being (a living creature) ===== Derived terms ===== ésser humà === Further reading === “ésser”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 “ésser”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026 “ésser” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “ésser”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan) == Old Catalan == === Alternative forms === esser, ser === Etymology === Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere === Verb === ésser to be to exist ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Descendants ==== Catalan: ésser