zmiana

== Kashubian == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienic. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈzmja.na/ Rhymes: -ana Syllabification: zmia‧na === Noun === zmiana f change, shift (quality of not being the same as before) shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers) shift (group of workers working at that defined period) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === Stefan Ramułt (1893), “zmjana”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 271 Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “zmiana”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[2] “zmiana”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022 == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. First attested in the 16th century. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienić. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ana Syllabification: zmia‧na === Noun === zmiana f change, shift (process or result of not being the same as before) change (process or result of replacing someone or something) shift (time in which a different group of workers start working) pierwsza/druga/trzecia zmiana ― first/second/third shift shift (workers working at such a time) change (set of sheets for sleeping) (obsolete, theater) scene (part of a play or musical in which the curtains drop and decorations change) Synonym: odsłona (obsolete, agriculture) division of a field during crop rotation ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), zmiana is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 80 times in scientific texts, 36 times in news, 68 times in essays, 19 times in fiction, and 6 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 209 times, making it the 265th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “zmiana”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “zmiana”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[4] (in Polish) Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 554 zmiana in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmiynić. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈzmja.na/ Rhymes: -ana Syllabification: zmia‧na === Noun === zmiana f (diminutive zmianka or zmiynka) change, shift (quality of not being the same as before) shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers) shift (group of workers working at that defined period) ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === zmiana in silling.org