ystävä

== Finnish == === Etymology === Probably fronted from Proto-Finnic *ustava (compare Estonian ustav (“loyal, faithful”)), a consonant-stem variant of the present passive participle of uskoa (vowel stem variant uskottava). Alternative theories posit that the word is a reduction of the present passive participle of *üskätä (“to embrace”, such verb is not attested), or a present active participle of *üstää (“to want”) (also unattested, < Germanic *wunskijaną), === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈystæʋæ/, [ˈys̠tæʋæ] Rhymes: -ystæʋæ Syllabification(key): ys‧tä‧vä Hyphenation(key): ys‧tä‧vä === Noun === ystävä (close) friend (in compounds + genitive) -phile, admirer, enthusiast Synonyms: -fiili, (informal) diggailija, fani kahvinystävä ― coffee lover kulttuurinystävä ― culture enthusiast musiikinystävä ― musicophile viininystävä ― oenophile ==== Usage notes ==== ystävä is used for intimate, longterm friends and is in contrast with kaveri (“friend, pal”). ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Ingrian: ystävä → Livvi: ystävy ==== See also ==== kaveri === References === === Further reading === “ystävä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023 === Anagrams === syvätä == Ingrian == === Etymology === Cognates include Finnish ystävä and Livvi ystävy. === Pronunciation === (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈystæʋæ/, [ˈys̠təʋ] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈystæʋæ/, [ˈyʃtæʋæ] Rhymes: -ystæʋ, -ystæʋæ Hyphenation: ys‧tä‧vä === Noun === ystävä friend ==== Declension ==== === References === Fedor Tumansky (1790), “истава”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 703 Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 694