wracać

== Old Polish == === Etymology === From wrócić + -ać. First attested in the second half of the 14th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /vra(ː)t͡sʲat͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /vrat͡sʲat͡ɕʲ/, /vrɒt͡sʲat͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === wracać impf (perfective wrócić) (reflexive with się, attested in Lesser Poland) to come back, to go back, to return (to come or go back) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom/what’] (reflexive with się) to return, to go back (to go back in thought, narration, or argument) [with ku (+ dative) ‘to whom/what’] (attested in Greater Poland) to bring (back), to send (back) (to guide someone to a previous or different place) to return, to give back (to give something back to its original holder or owner) to compensate for damage; to give back [with za (+ accusative) ‘for what’ and instrumental ‘with what’] (attested in Masovia) to return, to restore (to bring something back to an original or previous state) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: wracać Silesian: wrŏcać === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “wrócić”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “wracać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN Ewa Deptuchowa, et al., editors (2023), “wracać się”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish wracać. By surface analysis, wrócić +‎ -ać. Compare Kashubian wracac. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -at͡sat͡ɕ Syllabification: wra‧cać === Verb === wracać impf (perfective wrócić) (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to come or go back) [with po (+ accusative) ‘for what’] (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return; to turn back (not having reached one's destination, to go back to one's starting point) (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to reoccur in time) (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to go back in thought, narration, or argument) (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to begin engaging with something once again) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom/what’], [with na (+ accusative) or pod (+ accusative) ‘for what’] (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to become someone's property once again) [with do (+ genitive) or dative ‘to whom/what’] (intransitive) to come back, to go back, to return (to regain some lost trait) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’] (transitive) to return (to cause someone to be engaged in something again or to be in a particular state, place in a hierarchy, arrangement or type of activity) [with dative ‘to whom’] (transitive) to return (to give something back to its original holder or owner) [with dative ‘to whom’] (transitive, colloquial) to turn back (to cause someone or something to stop moving in a particular direction and start moving in the opposite direction until it finds itself back where it was or was before) (reflexive with się, expressive) to come back, to return (to come or go back) [with po (+ accusative) ‘for what’] (reflexive with się) to come back, to return (to repeat in time) (intransitive or reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back [with dative ‘to whom’] ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), wracać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 3 times in scientific texts, 2 times in news, 5 times in essays, 34 times in fiction, and 30 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 74 times, making it the 875th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “wracać”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[9] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “wracać się”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[10] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “wracać”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[11] (in Polish) Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “wracać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “wracać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Paweł Kupiszewski (07.12.2023), “WRACAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century] “WRACAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 07.12.2023 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “wracać”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “wracać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wracać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 718 wracać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego