without

== English == === Alternative forms === withoute, wythoute, wythowt, wythowte (obsolete) === Etymology === From Middle English withoute, withouten, from Old English wiþūtan (literally “against the outside of”). Compare Dutch buiten (“outside of, without”), Danish uden (“without”), Swedish utan (“without”), Norwegian uten (“without”). By surface analysis, with- +‎ out. Superseded non-native Middle English sauns, sans (“without”), from Old French sans, sanz, senz (“without”). Compare typologically Proto-Slavic *bez (“without”) (<+ Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs (“out”)). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /wɪðˈaʊt/, /wɪθˈaʊt/ (US) IPA(key): /wɪθˈaʊt/, /wɪðˈaʊt/, /wɪˈθaʊt/, /wɪˈðaʊt/ (Canada) IPA(key): [wɪθˈɐʊ̯t], [wɪðˈɐʊ̯t], [-əu̯t], [-ʌʊ̯t] (Southern Ontario) IPA(key): [wɪθˈɛʊ̯t] (Ottawa Valley) IPA(key): [wɪɾ̥ˈəu̯t] Rhymes: -aʊt Hyphenation: with‧out === Adverb === without (not comparable) (archaic or literary) Outside, externally. 2019 December 8, Supergirl (TV series), season 5, episode 8, "Crisis on Infinite Earths": Brainiac: This earthquake is quite literally worldwide. Alex Danvers: But the seismic activity [isn't] coming from within the planet, it's coming from without. Lacking something; failing. (prostitution, euphemistic) Without a condom being worn. ==== Usage notes ==== Sense 1 is still used in the names of some civil parishes in England, e.g. St Cuthbert Without. ==== Derived terms ==== === Preposition === without (archaic or literary) Outside of, beyond. Antonym: within Not having, containing, characteristic of, etc. Antonym: with 1967, Paul McCartney (writer), The Beatles, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band Life goes on within you and without you. Not doing or not having done something. ==== Synonyms ==== lacking, outwith, with no, -less, w/o, sans, -free, minus ==== Antonyms ==== (antonym(s) of “outside”): within (antonym(s) of “not having”): with, having, characteristic of, endowed with ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Conjunction === without (archaic or dialectal) Unless, except (introducing a clause). === Anagrams === outwith