wirken

== German == === Alternative forms === würken (obsolete) === Etymology === From Middle High German wirken, from Old High German wirken, from Proto-West Germanic *wirkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wirkijaną. Early on merged with Middle High German würken, from Old High German wurken, from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurkijaną, closely related to the first-mentioned verb. The i-form prevailed in Central German, the ü-form in Upper German; the latter was displaced from the written language in the 18th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɪrkən/, [ˈvɪʁ.kŋ̍], [ˈvɪɐ̯-], [ʋ-], [-kən] Hyphenation: wir‧ken === Verb === wirken (weak, third-person singular present wirkt, past tense wirkte, past participle gewirkt, auxiliary haben) (intransitive) to function, to be effective, to work (copulative, sometimes impersonal) to appear, to seem [with auf (+ accusative) ‘to someone’] (intransitive) to have an effect [with auf (+ accusative) ‘on someone/something’] (transitive) to perform (some action), to achieve (some effect), to work (cause to happen), to cast (a spell) (intransitive) to work or be active in a certain field or industry (intransitive) to work [with für (+ accusative) ‘for/toward a goal or for a cause’] (intransitive) to take effect, to be effective (manufacturing) to knit (with yarn), to brocade (baking) to knead ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== Werk werken === References === === Further reading === “wirken”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[1] (in German) “wirken” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon “wirken” in Duden online “wirken” in OpenThesaurus.de wirken on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de == Old Dutch == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *wirkijan. === Verb === wirken to work to build, to make ==== Inflection ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle Dutch: werkenDutch: werkenAfrikaans: werkLimburgish: wèrke ==== Further reading ==== “wirken”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012