wijf

== Dutch == === Etymology === From Middle Dutch wijf, from Old Dutch wīf, from Proto-West Germanic *wīb, from Proto-Germanic *wībą. While initially a neutral term for "woman", the word gradually acquired negative connotations in some dialects from the late 16th century onwards, developing over the centuries to the current situation in which it is generally regarded as a derogatory term in standard Dutch (although in some dialects the word remains fairly neutral). As a neutral descriptor for a woman, the void left by the wijf was filled by vrouw, which in the Early Modern period similarly developed to this neutral meaning; previously, in Middle Dutch, it had had positive connotations and referred specifically to a well-off or noble woman. Similarly, dame filled the void left by vrouw as a descriptor for an aristocratic woman. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʋɛi̯f/ Hyphenation: wijf Rhymes: -ɛi̯f === Noun === wijf n (plural wijven, diminutive wijfje n) (now generally derogatory) woman, potentially being as pejorative as bitch (often derogatory) broad, bint ==== Usage notes ==== The diminutive of this word, wijfje, has an independent meaning (“female animal”) which is a diminutivum tantum in that sense. Colloquial Hollandic diminutives (e.g. wijfie, wijffie) often have a familiar meaning and lack negative connotations when used as a term of address. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Afrikaans: wyf Jersey Dutch: wāif Negerhollands: wief, wif Skepi Creole Dutch: weef Sranan Tongo: wefi === References === == Middle Dutch == === Etymology === From Old Dutch wīf, from Proto-West Germanic *wīb. === Noun === wijf n woman wife, married woman ==== Inflection ==== ==== Descendants ==== Dutch: wijfAfrikaans: wyfJersey Dutch: wāifNegerhollands: wief, wifSkepi Creole Dutch: weefSranan Tongo: wefi Limburgish: wief West Flemish: wuuf Zealandic: wuuf === Further reading === “wijf”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000 Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “wijf”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN == Middle English == === Noun === wijf (plural *wijve) alternative spelling of wyf