vodka

== English == === Alternative forms === vodki, vodky (colloquial, nonstandard) === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), from вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka, “-let: forming diminutives”). The archaic Russian name for vodka was хле́бное вино́ (xlébnoje vinó, “grain wine”); V. Pokhlyobkin's research suggests the present name derived from expressions concerning the dilution of the initial pure distilled spirit such as "vodka of grain wine". Cognates include Sanskrit उदक (udaka), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) → English hydro-, English whisky and English water. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɒdkə/ (US) IPA(key): /ˈvɑdkə/ Rhymes: -ɒdkə === Noun === vodka (countable and uncountable, plural vodkas) A clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash. A serving of the above beverage. (US standards of identity) Neutral spirits distilled (or treated after distillation) so as to have no distinctive character, aroma, taste, or color. (countable, military slang, ethnic slur) A Russian. (uncountable, military slang) Russian language. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Cebuano: bodka → Welsh: fodca ==== Translations ==== === References === === Further reading === vodka on Wikipedia.Wikipedia == Cornish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English vodka, from Russian водка (vodka). === Pronunciation === (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key): [ˈvɔdka] (Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key): [ˈvɔdkɐ] === Noun === vodka f (plural vodkas) vodka === References === “vodka” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek. Akademi Kernewek Gerlyver Kernewek (FSS) Cornish Dictionary (SWF) (in Cornish), 2018, published 2018, page 190 == Czech == === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka). By surface analysis, voda +‎ -ka. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈvotka] Rhymes: -otka Hyphenation: vod‧ka === Noun === vodka f (relational adjective vodkový) vodka ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “vodka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “vodka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “vodka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Danish == === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Noun === vodka vodka ==== Declension ==== == Finnish == === Alternative forms === votka === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈʋodkɑ/, [ˈʋo̞dkɑ̝] Rhymes: -odkɑ Syllabification(key): vod‧ka Hyphenation(key): vod‧ka === Noun === vodka vodka ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== paloviina viina ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “vodka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[4] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023 == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /vɔd.ka/ === Noun === vodka f (plural vodkas) vodka === Further reading === “vodka”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Hungarian == === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈvotkɒ] Hyphenation: vod‧ka Rhymes: -kɒ === Noun === vodka (plural vodkák) vodka ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === vodka in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. == Icelandic == === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɔt.kʰa/ === Noun === vodka n (genitive singular vodka, no plural) vodka ==== Declension ==== == Indonesian == === Alternative forms === wodka (nonstandard) === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), from вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka, “-let: forming diminutives”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈfɔt.ka/ Rhymes: -ka Hyphenation: vod‧ka === Noun === vodka vodka a clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash a serving of the above beverage == Italian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɔd.ka/ Rhymes: -ɔdka Hyphenation: vòd‧ka === Noun === vodka f (invariable) vodka == Norman == === Etymology === From English vodka, from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Noun === vodka m (plural vodkas) (Jersey) vodka == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʋɔdkɑ/ Rhymes: -ɑ === Noun === vodka m (definite singular vodkaen) vodka == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === From Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Noun === vodka m (definite singular vodkaen) vodka == Portuguese == === Alternative forms === vodca === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá). === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɔd͡ʒkɐ, -ɔd͡ʒikɐ, -ɔdkɐ Hyphenation: vod‧ka === Noun === vodka f (plural vodkas) vodka (alcoholic drink, colorless and almost tasteless, obtained from cereals, originating in Eastern Europe) === Further reading === “vodka”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026 “vodka”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Slovak == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vodъka, equivalent to voda (“water”) +‎ -ka (diminutive suffix). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /vɔtka/, [ˈʋɔtka] Rhymes: -ɔtka Hyphenation: vod‧ka === Noun === vodka f (genitive singular vodky, nominative plural vodky, genitive plural vodiek, declension pattern of žena) vodka ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== vodkový === Further reading === “vodka”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Spanish == === Alternative forms === vodca (rare) === Etymology === Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka, literally “little water”), a diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈbodka/ [ˈboð̞.ka] Rhymes: -odka Syllabification: vod‧ka === Noun === vodka m or f (plural vodkas) vodka ==== Usage notes ==== Vodka is usually treated as a masculine noun, but feminine noun usage is permitted per its etymology. === Further reading === “vodka”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 “vodka”, in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas [Panhispanic Dictionary of Uncertainties] (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Royal Spanish Academy; Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, 2023, →ISBN == Swedish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /vɔdka/ === Noun === vodka c vodka ==== Declension ==== === References === “vodka”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “vodka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “vodka”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)