vastavirta

== Finnish == === Etymology === vasta- +‎ virta; probably first in the illative vastavirtaan === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈʋɑstɑˌʋirtɑ/, [ˈʋɑ̝s̠tɑ̝ˌʋirt̪ɑ̝] Rhymes: -irtɑ Syllabification(key): vas‧ta‧vir‧ta Hyphenation(key): vasta‧virta === Noun === vastavirta upstream (direction) countercurrent, crosscurrent (figuratively, chiefly in compounds) contrarianism, nonconformity backpropagation ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “vastavirta”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 4 July 2023 == Ingrian == === Etymology === From vasta- (“anti-”) +‎ virta (“flow”). Akin to Finnish vastavirta. === Pronunciation === (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑstɑˌʋirtɑ/, [ˈʋɑs̠təˌʋirt] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑstɑˌʋirtɑ/, [ˈʋɑʃtɑˌʋird̥ɑ] Rhymes: -irt, -irtɑ Hyphenation: vas‧ta‧vir‧ta === Noun === vastavirta upstream direction ==== Declension ==== ==== Antonyms ==== alasvirta (“downstream direction”) === References === Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 646