vaim

== Estonian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *vaimo, from Proto-Uralic *wajŋe. Cognates include Finnish vaimo (“wife”), Northern Sami váibmu (“heart”), Erzya ойме (ojme, “soul; breath”) and Moksha вайме (vajme, “soul; breath”). The senses are influenced by and became intermixed with the semantic loan from German Geist (especially with "poltergeist"-type and Christianity senses). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɑi̯m/, [ˈvɑi̯m] Rhymes: -ɑim Hyphenation: vaim === Noun === vaim (genitive vaimu, partitive vaimu) spirit, soul (everything psychic in a human being (especially thinking, consciousness) as opposed to the physical) Terves kehas terve vaim. ― A healthy mind in a healthy body. Vaim on valmis, aga liha nõder. ― The spirit is eager, but the flesh is weak. (Matthew 26:41) mind, spirit, psyche (inner world, inner being; state of mind, mentality) Tal on rahutu vaim. ― (S)he has a restless mind. ärksa vaimuga inimene ― a person with a lively mind Emal oli rohkem praktilist vaimu kui isal. ― Mum had a more practical mind than Dad. fantaasiarikka vaimuga kunstnik ― an artist with an imaginative mind Oma vaimult oli ta ägedusele kalduv. ― In spirit, (s)he tended to be impetuous. Püüab lugemisega oma vaimu värskendada. ― (S)he tries to refresh his/her mind by reading. Tema vaim januneb teadmiste järele. ― His/her mind thirsts for knowledge. Kunst ülendab vaimu. ― Art elevates the psyche. See on täiesti vaimu nüristav töö. ― It's absolutely mind-numbing work. Tema meelest olevat see kõik tühi töö ja vaimu närimine. ― (S)he said it was all idle work and mind chewing (= pointless activity). Küllalt eakas juba, ent ta vaim on ikka veel nooruslik. ― (S)he is quite old, but his/her spirit is still youthful. (chiefly in the inessive case) imagination, mind's eye Vaimus näeb ta end juba uues korteris. ― In his/her imagination, (s)he already sees him/herself in the new apartment. Kuulen vaimus sinu etteheiteid. ― I can hear your criticism in my mind. Elatud elu libises vaimus ta silme eest läbi. ― The life (s)he had lived flashed before his/her mind's eye. Mingem vaimus tagasi aastasse 1941. ― Let's imagine ourselves being back in the year 1941. Ma ei saa kaasa tulla, kuid vaimus olen teiega. ― I can't come, but I'm with you in spirit. spirit, mind (a way of thinking that characterises a collective, a period; its characteristic beliefs, inherent mentality) isamaaline vaim ― patriotic spirit Siin majas on teised kombed ja teine vaim. ― There are different customs and a different way of thinking in this house. Vilistlastes elab edasi kuulsa kooli vaim. ― The spirit of the famous school lives on in its alumni. Tänapäeva ühiskonnas on mõjule pääsemas karjääritegemise vaim. ― A careerist way of thinking is gaining ground in today's society. Olen õigluse vaimus kasvatatud. ― I was brought up in the spirit of justice. Romantika ning idealismi vaimus sirgunud põlvkond. ― A generation grown up in the spirit of romanticism and idealism. võimu ja vaimu vastuolud ühiskonnas ― contradictions of power and mind in society (in the inessive case) in the spirit of (in a certain way, manner, fashion, kind) Muutustest ei tulnud midagi välja ja nii elati vanas vaimus edasi. ― Nothing came of the changes and so life went on as usual. Pidu kestis samas vaimus hommikuni. ― The party continued in the same spirit until the morning. person, soul On tema alles rahutu vaim! ― Now isn't (s)he a restless soul! Meie ema on üks väsimatu vaim, kõike ta jõuab teha. ― Our mother is a tireless soul, she can do everything. Ainult kõrgesti haritud vaimud suudavad seda mõista. ― Only highly educated people can understand this. Kultuuri viivad edasi suured loovad vaimud. ― Culture is driven forward by great creative minds. (historical) a corvee labourer at a manor ghost, spirit (a disembodied supernatural being in various religions) soul of the dead, ghost; phantom surnute vaimud ― spirits of the dead Mõned inimesed usuvad tonte ja vaime. ― Some people believe in ghosts and spirits. Mees oli kindel, et nägi lossikeldris vaimu. ― The man was sure he saw a ghost in the castle basement. Rahvauskumuse järgi on aastavahetusel kõik vaimud liikvel. ― Folklore has it that all the ghosts are on the move on New Year's Eve. vaimude tund ― hour of the spirits (= usually midnight) guardian spirit, tutelary deity Kotermann on laeva kaitsev vaim. ― A gremlin is the ship's guardian spirit. evil spirit, a malevolent creature Külas räägitakse, et vanaeit pidavat ühendust kuradi ja kurjade vaimudega. ― In the village, it is said that the old lady has contact with the devil and evil spirits. Nõdrameelseid on peetud kurjast vaimust vaevatuiks. ― The mentally ill have been considered to be plagued by evil spirits. Jooksis, nagu oleksid tal kurjad vaimud kannul. ― He ran as if evil spirits were at his heels. (Christianity) spirit (God himself or his creative, life-giving power) Püha Vaim ― Holy Spirit ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Compounds ==== === References === vaim in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut) “vaim”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009 == Livonian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Estonian vaim. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɑim/, [ˈvɑ̯iˑm] === Noun === vaim spirit; soul ==== Declension ==== === References === Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “vaim”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[4] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra